Investigating the association of cardiovascular effects with personal exposure to particle components and sources
Journal
Science of the Total Environment
Journal Volume
431
Pages
176-182
Date Issued
2012
Author(s)
Abstract
Background: Few studies included information on components and sources when exploring the cardiovascular health effects from personal exposure to particulate matters (PM). We previously reported that exposure to PM between 1.0 and 2.5μm (PM2.5-1) was associated with increased cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI, an arterial stiffness index), while exposure to PM smaller than 0.25μm (PM0.25) decreased the heart rate variability (HRV) indices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between PM elements and cardiovascular health effects and identify responsible sources. Methods: In a panel study of seventeen mail carriers, the subjects were followed for 5-6days while delivering mail outdoors. Personal filter samples of PM2.5-1 and PM0.25 were analyzed for their elemental concentrations. The source-specific exposures were further estimated by using absolute principal factor analysis. We analyzed the component- and source-specific health effects on HRV indices and CAVI using mixed models. Results: Several elements in PM2.5-1 (e.g., cadmium and strontium) were associated with the CAVI. Subsequent analyses showed that an interquartile range increase in exposure to PM from regional sources was significantly associated with a 3.28% increase in CAVI (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47%-5.13%). This significant effect remained (3.35%, CI: 1.62%-5.11%) after controlling for the ozone exposures. For exposures to PM0.25, manganese, calcium, nickel, and chromium were associated with the CAVI and/or the HRV indices. Conclusions: Our study suggests that PM2.5-1 and PM0.25 components may be associated with different cardiovascular effects. Health risks from exposure to PM from sources other than vehicle exhaust should not be underappreciated. ? 2012 Elsevier B.V..
SDGs
Other Subjects
Arterial stiffness; Cardiovascular effects; Confidence interval; Elemental concentrations; Filter sample; Health effects; Heart rate variability; Inter quartile ranges; Mixed models; Ozone exposures; Particulate Matter; Personal exposures; Principal factor analysis; Vascular indices; Vehicle exhausts; Cadmium; Chromium; Elementary particle sources; Elementary particles; Exposure controls; Manganese; Metals; Ozone; Stiffness; Strontium; Health; aluminum; arsenic; barium; cadmium; calcium; chromium; cobalt; copper; iron; lead; magnesium; manganese; molybdenum; nickel; ozone; potassium; sodium; strontium; tin; titanium; vanadium; zinc; calcium; cardiovascular system; chromium; concentration (composition); confidence interval; health impact; health risk; manganese; nickel; ozone; particulate matter; pollution effect; pollution exposure; arterial stiffness; article; cardio ankle vascular index; cardiovascular parameters; cardiovascular risk; electrocardiography; environmental exposure; environmental monitoring; factorial analysis; heart rate variability; human; particle size; particulate matter; principal component analysis; priority journal; pulse wave; QRS complex; Adult; Cadmium; Cardiovascular Diseases; Environmental Exposure; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Manganese; Middle Aged; Models, Theoretical; Occupational Exposure; Particulate Matter; Strontium; Taiwan; Vascular Stiffness; Vehicle Emissions
Type
journal article