The KMT-CCP's Contentions on the Core of “the Democratization of the Nationalist Government” in Spring of 1946 (January to April)
Resource
政治科學論叢, 17, 107-143
Journal
政治科學論叢
Journal Issue
17
Pages
107-143
Date Issued
2002-12
Date
2002-12
Author(s)
Lee, K.C.
Abstract
In the third round negotiation between Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during Sino-Japanese War in June 1944, CCP asked to organize a Coalition Government that would include CCP and other opposition parties of China in the People's Political Council on September 15, 1944. This symbolized the beginning of the CCP's political offensive on the democratization of the Nationalist Government to KMT during World War II and the postwar period. Influenced by General George C. Marshall's mediation mission to China and for releasing CCP's pressure, KMT agreed to form a coalition government before the establishment of the Constitution of the Republic of China in the Political Consultative Conference (PCC) in January 1946. It was also decided in the conference to convene the National Assembly to adopt the Constitution on May 5 of the same year. From February to April of 1946, KMT-CCP had at least the following contentions that obstructed the convention of the National Assembly on May 5,1946:CCP hoped to form a veto power by controlling at least 14 seats in Non-Kuomintang councilors of the State Council of the National Government. KMT wasn't able to accept it. KMT wanted to revise the principles approved by the PCC and use it as the basis for modifying the 1936 Draft Constitution. However, CCP did not compromise. KMT desired to increase the number of the delegates of the National Assembly approved by the PCC. CCP rejected it. CCP wanted KMT to promise the legal status of her troops and the local regime in Manchuria. These were also refused by KMT. For the above reasons, Chou En-Lai, the CCP's representative in Nanking, announced on April 11, 1946 that CCP wouldn't participate in the National Assembly on May 5, unless these political and military contentions could be completely resolved by KMT. But these disputes were not resolved in this period. Just upon General Marshall's return to China from US on April 18, 1946, KMT
had no determination to break off with CCP and eventually declared to adjourn the convention of the National Assembly in the following week.
After KMT summoned the National Assembly meeting in spite of CCP's opposition on November 15, 1946, the KMT-CCP relationship ruptured immediately. That also signified the end of General Marshall's mission to China in 1946.
Subjects
戰時國共商談；聯合政府；國共重慶會談；政治協商會議；國民大會；《中華民國憲法》；蔣中正；毛澤東；周恩來；馬歇爾；Coalition Government；Political Consultative Conference；National Assembly；the Constitution of the Republic of China；Chiang Kai-shek；Mao Tse-tung；Chou En-lai；George C. Marshall
Type
journal article