Bayesian prediction and evaluation in the anterior cingulate cortex
Journal
Journal of Neuroscience
Journal Volume
33
Journal Issue
5
Pages
2039-2047
Date Issued
2013
Author(s)
Abstract
The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) has been implicated in a variety of cognitive control functions, among them the monitoring of conflict, error, and volatility, error anticipation, reward learning, and reward prediction errors. In this work, we used a Bayesian ideal observer model, which predicts trial-by-trial probabilistic expectation of stop trials and response errors in the stop-signal task, to differentiate these proposed functions quantitatively. We found that dACC hemodynamic response, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging, encodes both the absolute prediction error between stimulus expectation and outcome, and the signed prediction error related to response outcome. After accounting for these factors, dACC has no residual correlation with conflict or error likelihood in the stop-signal task. Consistent with recent monkey neural recording studies, and in contrast with other neuroimaging studies, our work demonstrates that dACC reports at least two different types of prediction errors, and beyond contexts that are limited to reward processing. © 2013 the authors.
Other Subjects
accuracy; adult; anterior cingulate; article; Bayesian learning; behavior; decision making; error; female; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human; human experiment; male; normal human; perception; prediction; priority journal; response time; reward; task performance; Adolescent; Adult; Bayes Theorem; Cognition; Female; Gyrus Cinguli; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Neurological; Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time
Type
journal article