Application of Near Field Informatics in Distance-Based Highway Toll Collection Schemes
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Yang, Chih-Yu
Abstract
Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system has been a main componet of ITS services, which applies advanced communication technologies in place of tranditional manual operations, aiming to increase the efficiency of toll collection works and reduce congestions as well as vehicle emissions at toll plaza areas. In Taiwan, ETC service has been available since 2006 and the system is currently operated by FETC. The framework of the system followed the original frequency-based toll collection type, which is still far from the equity of usercharge, and the adopted infrared technology also failed to achieve the goal of MLFF architecture and ETTM system.ear Field Informatics (N-Fi) system is a newly created platform for publishing and collecting real-time traffic information. Through the bidirectional communication between N-Fi OBU interface and road side beacons, drivers in enroute vehicles can directly receive electronic messages of traffic signs, signals or CMS around near field, and the beacons can also gather active information from vehicles and transmit which to traffic control center for further process. Currently the development of N-Fi system is already at the stage of construction and operation, providing the service of highway travel time prediction in Northern Taiwan. With the integrated infrastructure and communication interface, N-Fi system is having the potentiality for developing ETC function and all sorts of telematics services.n order to achieve both equity of usercharge and integrated driver information services, this research built two testing ETC systems based on N-Fi technology and ran real experiments at highway areas. Two types of distance-based highway toll collection schemes are designed and applied in the system, in which toll plazas are set at mainline and ramp respectively. The results of the experiments showed that the created systems are able to complete the operation of ETC and provide real-time information services under N-Fi framework. Furthermore, to analyze the effects of implementing the two schemes in real network, this research chose Freeway No.1 and use daily O-D data to run simulations. The results showed that current frequency-based toll collection type did occur toll loss since a large number of short-distance trips are using highway for free everyday, and the maximum loss may be up to 0.56 billion annually in comparison with distance-based toll collection types. The outcome of the analysis also showed that the presented mainline scheme with coordination mechanism is the optimal choise, which can effectively make up for the reduction of toll’s decimal parts and the loss from system error in the operation.
Subjects
Electronic Toll Collection
Distance-based toll collection
Telematics
Near Field Informatics
Automatic Vehicle Identification
Type
thesis
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