Effects of embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed, Agaricus blazei Murill, (-)-epicatechin and proanthocyanidin A2 on anti-aging of Caenorhabditis elegans
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Ho, Yi-Shiuan
Abstract
Aging is one of the natural physiological changes in living organisms. However, the aging rate is different for each individual. Many factors influence aging and one major factor is food intake. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of some edible materials, including Agaricus blazei Murill, embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed, (-)-epicatechin, and proanthocyanidin A2 to delay aging in C. elegans model and we used EUK-8 and resveratrol as the positive controls. We first investigated the thermotolerance effects of different samples. Results showed that the positive controls, EUK-8 and resveratrol, could increase thermotolerance in C. elegans. In the experimental samples, (-)-epicatechin, proanthocyanidin A2 (PA2), water extract of Agaricus blazei Murill (Ab-W), 70% methanol extract of embryo of N. nucifera Gaertn. seed (Nn-M), n-butanol fraction of Nn-M (Nn-M-B) and the fifth sub-fraction obtained after column chromatography of Nn-M-B (Nn-M-B-V) all displayed thermotolerance activities. To further examine the anti-aging effect, the lifespan assay was carried out for the samples possessing thermotolerance activities. Both EUK-8 (50 μM) and resveratrol (100 μM) could increase lifespan of C. elegans by 10.5% and 3.0%, and the other test samples including (-)-epicatechin (50 μM), PA2 (100 μM), Ab-W (100 ppm), Nn-M (1000 ppm), Nn-M-B (100 ppm), and Nn-M-B-V (25 ppm) could also increase lifespan of C. elegans by 12.7%, 8.9%, 9.3%, 12.0%, 12.5%, and 8.2%, respectively. The results suggested that test samples had good anti-aging activities. In the assay of oxidative-stress induced by H2O2, EUK-8 (50 μM), (-)-epicatechin (50 μM), and PA2 (100 μM) raised the survival rates by 63.3%, 71.1%, and 78.5%, respectively, statistically all three of them possessed the same level of activity. It is known that EUK-8 extends the lifespan of C. elegans by acting as an antioxidant, so (-)-epicatechin and PA2 may also prolong lifespan by the strong antioxidant activities. Ab-W (100 ppm) and Nn-M-B (100 ppm) only increased the survival rates by 20.3% and 44.5%. Although the ability of EUK-8, Ab-W and Nn-M-B in extending the lifespan were similar, their effects in increasing the survival rate under oxidative stress were quite different. It is, therefore, suggested that Ab-W and Nn-M-B prolong the lifespan not only by antioxidant property but also by other mechanisms.n pharyngeal pumping rate test, we found that (-)-epicatechin, PA2, Ab-W, and Nn-M-B could delay the age-related declines of pharyngeal pumping. The results also indicated that those samples did not decrease the food intake of C. elegans, so the extended lifespan by caloric restriction could be excluded.o understand the antioxidant activity of the samples with anti-aging activities, we conducted in vitro antioxidative experiments, including DPPH free radical scavenging and total polyphenols assays. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay, (-)-epicatechin and PA2 showed better activity than the positive controls trolox and α-tocopherol followed by Nn-M-B. Howerver, Ab-W and ethanol extract of Agaricus blazei Murill (Ab-E) displayed the least activity.In the total polyphenols assay, Nn-M-B had higher total polyphenols content than Ab-E and Ab-W.n this research, we found that (-)-epicatechin and PA2 extended the lifespan of C. elegans mainly by antioxidant activity. However, Nn-M-B and Ab-W may increase the lifespan of C. elegans by other mechanisms than antioxidant activity.
Subjects
Caenorhabditis elanegs
aging
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
Agaricusblazei Murill
Type
thesis
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