台灣水牛瘤胃微生物多樣性分析
Other Title
Microbial diversity in the rumen of Taiwan water buffalo
Journal
畜產研究
Journal Volume
42
Journal Issue
2
Start Page
171
End Page
179
ISSN
0253-9209
Date Issued
2009
Author(s)
Abstract
瘤胃為一特殊複雜的厭氧環境，內含之微生物包括細菌、古細菌、真菌、原蟲，且85-95%尚未能以人工分離培養。本研究採集水牛瘤胃液樣品（pH5.6），將其中之微生物核酸分別以細菌、古細菌、真菌及原蟲小次單位核醣體核酸基因專一性之引子進行PCR增幅放大，並進行DNA定序與多樣性分析。結果顯示在細菌多樣性分析中，84個株系中分屬7個菌門Bacteroidetes（55/84）、Firmicutes（17/84）、Verrucomicrobia（4/84）、Proteobacteria（2/84）、Spirochaetes（1/84）、Tenericutes（1/84）、Lentisphaerae（1/84）及unclassified Bacteria（3/84）。在古細菌多樣性分析中，84個株系中主要屬Thermoplasmata 菌綱（77/84），只有1個株系為Methanobacteria菌綱，另外6株則屬於unclassified Euryarchaeota 菌門。在真菌多樣性分析中，40個株系中有36個為Neocallimastix frontalis，二株各分屬於Aspergillus penicillioides與Paecilomyces sp，另二株則屬於未培養的真菌。在原蟲多樣性分析中，42個株系分屬於6種原蟲。瘤胃中細菌之多樣性頗為豐富，應可從其中藉由多源基因體學方式找到實用性之新穎酵素基因。
Rumen is a special, complicated, and anaerobic environment consisting of different microorganisms such as bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. About 85% to 95% of these microbes are very hard to cultivate individually in the lab. In this study, the rumen fluid (pH 5.6) from Taiwan water buffalo was collected to extract microbial DNA and to amplify the small subunit rRNA genes of bacteria, archaea, fungi and protozoa with their specific sets of primers, respectively. The amplicons were then ligated into TA cloning vector for DNA sequencing and microbial diversity analyses. The results indicated that there were 7 bacterial phyla among 84 bacterial clones, including Bacteroidetes (55/84), Firmicutes (17/84), Verrucomicrobia (4/84), Proteobacteria (2/84), Spirochaetes (1/84), Tenericutes (1/84), Lentisphaerae (1/84), and unclassified Bacteria (3/84). The Thermoplasmata Class (77/84) was the most abundant and diversified phylogenetic group, followed by the Methanobacteria (1/84) Class, according to archaea diversity analysis of 84 clones. The other 6 clones belonged to Phylum of unclassified Euryarchaeota. In fungal diversity analysis, 36 of 40 clones were identified as Neocallimastix frontalis and two clones as Paecilomyces sp. and Aspergillus penicillioides. The other two clones were recognized as uncultured fungi. Besides, 6 species of protozoa were found in protozoan diversity analysis of 42 clones. Based upon the results above, the bacterial diversity of rumen was the most abundant among the four kinds of microbes. Therefore, it is possible to discover some novel enzyme genes through the metagenomic approach.
Subjects
多樣性
微生物
瘤胃
Diversity
Microorganism
Rumen
Type
journal article