Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma associated with Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 infection in a Japanese mare
Journal
Tumour virus research
Journal Volume
12
Pages
200226
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Abstract
Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) infection has been associated with genital squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development in horses. However, very few reports on EcPV2-associated disease in Asia exist. Our study characterizes pathological and virological features of an EcPV2-associated vulvar SCC from a Japanese mare. Conventional PCR, in situ hybridization, reverse-transcriptase PCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence and distribution of EcPV2 within the lesion and suggested that p53 degradation may not be the mechanism by which this virus induces neoplastic transformation. The complete viral sequence in this Japanese case shows near perfect sequence homology with European reference strains of EcPV2, which may be useful when considering the target for future EcPV2 vaccine development. This report also serves to highlight the importance of EcPV2 in female (vulvar) neoplasia, which is less commonly recognized than EcPV2-induced male (penile or preputial) neoplasia. Finally, the SCC described in this mare was an unusual acantholytic variant that has not been reported previously in horses. It is the first report of EcPV2 identified from genital SCC in Asia and underscores the likely worldwide distribution of this virus and its consistent association with equine genital neoplasia. Copyright ? 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Carcinoma
EcPV2
Genital
Papillomavirus
SCC
Vulva
animal
female
genetics
horse
horse disease
Japan
male
Papillomaviridae
papillomavirus infection
squamous cell carcinoma
veterinary medicine
Animals
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Female
Horse Diseases
Horses
Male
Papillomavirus Infections
Vaccine Development
Type
journal article