Assessing Impacts of Typhoons and the Chi-Chi Earthquake on Chenyulan Watershed Landscape Pattern in Central Taiwan Using Landscape Metrics
Journal
Environmental Management
Journal Volume
38
Journal Issue
1
Pages
108-125
Date Issued
2006
Date
2006
Author(s)
Abstract
The Chi-Chi earthquake (ML = 7.3) occurred in the central part of Taiwan on September 21, 1999. After the earthquake, typhoons Xangsane and Toraji produced heavy rainfall that fell across the eastern and central parts of Taiwan on November 2000 and July 2001. This study uses remote sensing data, landscape metrics, multivariate statistical analysis, and spatial autocorrelation to assess how earthquake and typhoons affect landscape patterns. It addresses variations of the Chenyulan watershed in Nantou County, near the earthquake's epicenter and crossed by Typhoon Toraji. The subsequent disturbances have gradually changed landscape of the Chenyulan watershed. Disturbances of various types, sizes, and intensities, following various tracks, have various effects on the landscape patterns and variations of the Chenyulan watershed. The landscape metrics that are obtained by multivariate statistical analyses showed that the disturbances produced variously fragmented patches, interspersed with other patches and isolated from patches of the same type across the entire Chenyulan watershed. The disturbances also affected the isolation, size, and shape-complexity of patches at the landscape and class levels. The disturbances at the class level more strongly affected spatial variations in the landscape as well as patterns of grasslands and bare land, than variations in the watershed farmland and forest. Moreover, the earthquake with high magnitude was a starter to create these landscape variations in space in the Chenyulan watershed. The cumulative impacts of the disturbances on the watershed landscape pattern had existed, especially landslides and grassland in the study area, but were not always evident in space and time in landscape and other class levels. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
SDGs
Other Subjects
Large scale systems; Rain; Remote sensing; Storms; Watersheds; Chi-Chi earthquake; Disturbance impact; Landscape metrics; Landscape pattern; Taiwan; Earthquake effects; Chi-Chi earthquake 1999; environmental disturbance; landscape change; watershed; article; disaster; earthquake; environmental impact assessment; forest; grassland; landscape; remote sensing; statistical analysis; Taiwan; watershed; Conservation of Natural Resources; Geography; Multivariate Analysis; Natural Disasters; Rain; Rivers; Taiwan; Asia; Eurasia; Far East; Taiwan
Type
journal article
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