Detection and Typing of Swine Influenza Virus
Date Issued
2007
Date
2007
Author(s)
Chiu, Chung-Yi
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
Swine play an important role in the transmission of influenza A virus. Trachea epithelium of swine have both mammalian and avian receptors for influenza viral infection, so swine are though to be a mixing vessel for genetic reassortment between human and avian influenza. Recently, porcine respiratory disease complex (Ellis et al.) has heavily impacted the pig industry in Taiwan; and the swine influenza virus is one of the pathogens commonly involved. The viremic stage of influenza viral infection in the pigs is usually short or transient, which hamper the detection or isolation of this virus from the field herds. Consequently, detection of cell associated viral nucleic acid and antigens may be more helpful than isolation and evaluation of the clinical viral infected cases and advancing subtyping. In this study, we tried to develop more rapid diagnostic assays for detections and subtyping specific subtype of swine influenza viruses, additionally, to correlate viral distribution and pneumonic lesions in the field cases. In situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemisty (IHC) for the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissues and RT-PCR for homogenates of lung tissues were applied for this purpose. ISH probe of NP gene has successfully detected influenza virus infection, and positive signals are present in the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium or mononuclear inflammatory cells in the necrotic and proliferative areas. Subtyping RT-PCR for H1, H3, N1 and N2 which could distinguish the common subtypes (H1N1, H3N2 and H1N2) of swine influenza virus in Taiwan has been established simultaneously. The monoclonal antibodies for NP, H1 and H3 have applied to detect and subtype influenza virus by IHC. The distributions of viral antigens revealed by IHC matched well with that ISH, but positive signals of seormucinous glands only revealed by IHC. The results of IHC retrospective study of 20 ISH positive cases indicated that H1 and H3 subtype SIV may infect together commonly in Taiwan.
Subjects
豬流行性感冒病毒
Swine Influenza Virus
SDGs
Type
thesis
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