The related study on dog mite (Demodex canis) and investigation in the Toxoplasmosis of native animals (goat, swine, dog, pigeon) in Taiwan
Date Issued
2011
Date
2011
Author(s)
Yu-Jen, Tsai
Abstract
（1）The related of investigation and study in Demodex canis in dogs
Abstract Infection rate, reaction to light, and hair follicle apoptosis are examined in the dogmite, Demodex canis Leydig (Prostigmata: Demodicidae), in dogs from the northern area of Taiwan. An analysis of relevant samples revealed 7.2% (73/1013) prevalence of D. canis infection. Infection during the investigation peaked each winter, with an average prevalence of 12.5% (32/255). The infection rates significantly varied in accordance with month, sex, age, and breed (p < 0.05). Most of the lesions were discovered on the backs of the infected animals, where the infection rate was 52.1% (38/73) (P < 0.05). The epidemiologic analysis of infection based on landscape area factor, found that employing a map-overlapping method showed a higher infection rate in the eastern distribution of Taiwan’s northern area than other areas. Isolation tests for Microsporum canis Bodin (Onygenales: Arthrodermataceae) and Trichophyton mentagrophyte Robin (Blanchard) on the D. canis infected dogs revealed prevalence rates of 4.4% (2/45) and 2.2% (1/45), respectively. Observations demonstrated that D. canis slowly moved from a light area to a dark area. Skin samples were examined for cellular apoptosis by activated caspase3 immunohistochemical staining. Cells that surrounded the infected hair follicles were activated caspase3-positive, revealing cell apoptosis in infected follicles via the activation of caspase3. （2）The related of investigation and study in the Toxoplasmosis Abstract From 2001 to 2006, blood samples from goat, swine, Stray dog, pigeon (Columba livia) were randomly collected from different areas in Taiwan and examined Toxoplasma gondii. antibodies using the Latex Agglutination Test and Chi-square Test analyzed. Examines as follows: Goat: The goat''s blood from 5 farms in Taipei was investigated in order to comprehend the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii. From October 2001 through to December 2002, 105 blood samples were collected and examined using a Latex Agglutination Test. Results showed that the overall prevalence of goat toxoplasmosis was 28.6% (30/105) with the DaAn District having the highest prevalence at 50.0% (15/30) and the NeiHu District having the lowest prevalence at 13.3% (2/15). In general, the infection rate exists in goat farms. Furthermore, the Chi-square test revealed that significant differences existed among the breed (p<0.05), with the regional distribution and goat farms (p>0.05). Swine:From May 2003 to April 2004, 395 swine blood samples were collected from slaughterhouses located in the north of Taiwan (Shulin city, Taipei County; Lujhu Township, Taoyuan County; Jhubei city, Hsinchu County) and examined Toxoplasma gondii. antibodies. Results indicated that the overall prevalence of pig toxoplasmosis was 10.1%（40/395）with LA the highest titers of 1:256（2,5.0%）. As for the seasonal variation, the infection did not occur in January, March, and October（p<0.05）. The result indicated that there is no significant difference among seasons(p>0.05 ).Stray dog: From October, 2005, through September, 2006, 1412（768 male, 644 female）blood samples were periodically collected randomly from stray dogs（1 year and older）in Taipei City（121。27’-121。40’E and 25。13’-24。08’N）. Analysis of the samples revealed a 20.1%（284/1412）prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection. The West district had the highest infection rate（192/844, 22.7％）.The highest monthly positive rate was 35.3％（24/68）in February. The affected areas did not significantly differ in population density, number of stray dogs , river locations（Keelung river, Tamshui river, and Hsing-dian brook）, but season al rainfall and humidity（p<0.05）. Highly infected areas were concentrated in eastern areas of Taipei city.pigeon : From January 2004 to December 2004, a total of 665 blood sera samples from pigeons were randomly collected from 44 pigeonry in 11 counties and cities (20 regions) in Taiwan. The result revealed that 4.7% (31/665) of pigeons were infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Among four regions the northern region was the highest at 6.0% (13/216) and the eastern region was the lowest at 1.8% (2/111). In the aspect of strength index it was 1:32 (30; 96.8%), 1:256 (1; 3.2%). In addition, in the aspect of positive infection rate in terms of sex was︰ In males, the infection rate was 4. 4% (14/320) and in females, the infection rate was 4.9% (17/345). The pigeonry positive infection rate was 34.1% (15/44). But in the drinking water the infection rate is 0.8% (1/132). Pigeonry infection rate is 2.0% (1/44). Except above, Chi-square test was also used to analyze various correlations among regions, climate, and sex. There was no difference between male and female pigeons (p>0.05). But the region in relation to temperature, humidity and rainfall did reveal a significant difference (p<0.05). With respect to age, the infection rate were 6.0% (5/83) for 1 year and younger and 4.5% (26/582) for older than 1 year old.
Abstract Infection rate, reaction to light, and hair follicle apoptosis are examined in the dogmite, Demodex canis Leydig (Prostigmata: Demodicidae), in dogs from the northern area of Taiwan. An analysis of relevant samples revealed 7.2% (73/1013) prevalence of D. canis infection. Infection during the investigation peaked each winter, with an average prevalence of 12.5% (32/255). The infection rates significantly varied in accordance with month, sex, age, and breed (p < 0.05). Most of the lesions were discovered on the backs of the infected animals, where the infection rate was 52.1% (38/73) (P < 0.05). The epidemiologic analysis of infection based on landscape area factor, found that employing a map-overlapping method showed a higher infection rate in the eastern distribution of Taiwan’s northern area than other areas. Isolation tests for Microsporum canis Bodin (Onygenales: Arthrodermataceae) and Trichophyton mentagrophyte Robin (Blanchard) on the D. canis infected dogs revealed prevalence rates of 4.4% (2/45) and 2.2% (1/45), respectively. Observations demonstrated that D. canis slowly moved from a light area to a dark area. Skin samples were examined for cellular apoptosis by activated caspase3 immunohistochemical staining. Cells that surrounded the infected hair follicles were activated caspase3-positive, revealing cell apoptosis in infected follicles via the activation of caspase3. （2）The related of investigation and study in the Toxoplasmosis Abstract From 2001 to 2006, blood samples from goat, swine, Stray dog, pigeon (Columba livia) were randomly collected from different areas in Taiwan and examined Toxoplasma gondii. antibodies using the Latex Agglutination Test and Chi-square Test analyzed. Examines as follows: Goat: The goat''s blood from 5 farms in Taipei was investigated in order to comprehend the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii. From October 2001 through to December 2002, 105 blood samples were collected and examined using a Latex Agglutination Test. Results showed that the overall prevalence of goat toxoplasmosis was 28.6% (30/105) with the DaAn District having the highest prevalence at 50.0% (15/30) and the NeiHu District having the lowest prevalence at 13.3% (2/15). In general, the infection rate exists in goat farms. Furthermore, the Chi-square test revealed that significant differences existed among the breed (p<0.05), with the regional distribution and goat farms (p>0.05). Swine:From May 2003 to April 2004, 395 swine blood samples were collected from slaughterhouses located in the north of Taiwan (Shulin city, Taipei County; Lujhu Township, Taoyuan County; Jhubei city, Hsinchu County) and examined Toxoplasma gondii. antibodies. Results indicated that the overall prevalence of pig toxoplasmosis was 10.1%（40/395）with LA the highest titers of 1:256（2,5.0%）. As for the seasonal variation, the infection did not occur in January, March, and October（p<0.05）. The result indicated that there is no significant difference among seasons(p>0.05 ).Stray dog: From October, 2005, through September, 2006, 1412（768 male, 644 female）blood samples were periodically collected randomly from stray dogs（1 year and older）in Taipei City（121。27’-121。40’E and 25。13’-24。08’N）. Analysis of the samples revealed a 20.1%（284/1412）prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection. The West district had the highest infection rate（192/844, 22.7％）.The highest monthly positive rate was 35.3％（24/68）in February. The affected areas did not significantly differ in population density, number of stray dogs , river locations（Keelung river, Tamshui river, and Hsing-dian brook）, but season al rainfall and humidity（p<0.05）. Highly infected areas were concentrated in eastern areas of Taipei city.pigeon : From January 2004 to December 2004, a total of 665 blood sera samples from pigeons were randomly collected from 44 pigeonry in 11 counties and cities (20 regions) in Taiwan. The result revealed that 4.7% (31/665) of pigeons were infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Among four regions the northern region was the highest at 6.0% (13/216) and the eastern region was the lowest at 1.8% (2/111). In the aspect of strength index it was 1:32 (30; 96.8%), 1:256 (1; 3.2%). In addition, in the aspect of positive infection rate in terms of sex was︰ In males, the infection rate was 4. 4% (14/320) and in females, the infection rate was 4.9% (17/345). The pigeonry positive infection rate was 34.1% (15/44). But in the drinking water the infection rate is 0.8% (1/132). Pigeonry infection rate is 2.0% (1/44). Except above, Chi-square test was also used to analyze various correlations among regions, climate, and sex. There was no difference between male and female pigeons (p>0.05). But the region in relation to temperature, humidity and rainfall did reveal a significant difference (p<0.05). With respect to age, the infection rate were 6.0% (5/83) for 1 year and younger and 4.5% (26/582) for older than 1 year old.
Subjects
Demodex, fungi, dog, map overla,Toxoplasma gondii, goat, swine, pigeon, Taiwan
Type
thesis
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