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  4. Age-dependent effects of cumulative methylphenidate exposure on brain structure and symptom amelioration in youth with ADHD: A longitudinal MRI study
 
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Age-dependent effects of cumulative methylphenidate exposure on brain structure and symptom amelioration in youth with ADHD: A longitudinal MRI study

Journal
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
Journal Volume
140
Start Page
111429
ISSN
1878-4216
Date Issued
2025-06-13
Author(s)
JUNG-CHI CHANG  
HSIANG-YUAN LIN 
SUSAN SHUR-FEN GAU  
DOI
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111429
URI
https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/730654
Abstract
Methylphenidate is known to alleviate attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. However, methylphenidate's age-dependent effects on brain structure have not been well studied. This longitudinal MRI study investigated the effect of cumulative methylphenidate exposure on brain structure and ADHD-related symptoms. Eighty-nine individuals with DSM-5 ADHD and 91 typically developing controls (TDC) were assessed with MRI for brain structure and the parent-rated SNAP-IV questionnaire for ADHD-related symptoms at baseline and follow-up. The average follow-up interval was 4.86 years. Participants were divided into two age-based groups at a baseline age cutoff of 12 years. In the early-exposure subgroup (baseline age < 12 years), distinct developmental differences were noted between the ADHD and TDC groups in various frontal regions. Increased cumulative methylphenidate dosage was associated with increased gray matter volumes in several frontal areas, such as the right paracentral, caudal middle frontal, superior frontal, lateral orbitofrontal, rostral middle frontal, precentral cortices, left pars opercularis, paracentral, and superior frontal cortices in the early-exposure subgroup. Additionally, greater volumetric increases in specific frontal regions, including the right rostral middle frontal, right paracentral, right superior frontal, and left paracentral cortices, correlated with more significant improvements in oppositional symptoms. Conversely, the late-exposure subgroup (baseline age > 12 years) showed no significant differences in cortical development or associations between methylphenidate and brain structure. Our findings indicate that early methylphenidate exposure may affect frontal brain morphology and its association with symptom improvement in ADHD. These age-dependent patterns of psychostimulants on brain structure provide further insight into treatment response and disorder progression monitoring.
Subjects
ADHD
Longitudinal
MRI
Methylphenidate
Type
journal article

臺大位居世界頂尖大學之列,為永久珍藏及向國際展現本校豐碩的研究成果及學術能量,圖書館整合機構典藏(NTUR)與學術庫(AH)不同功能平台,成為臺大學術典藏NTU scholars。期能整合研究能量、促進交流合作、保存學術產出、推廣研究成果。

To permanently archive and promote researcher profiles and scholarly works, Library integrates the services of “NTU Repository” with “Academic Hub” to form NTU Scholars.

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開放取用是從使用者角度提升資訊取用性的社會運動,應用在學術研究上是透過將研究著作公開供使用者自由取閱,以促進學術傳播及因應期刊訂購費用逐年攀升。同時可加速研究發展、提升研究影響力,NTU Scholars即為本校的開放取用典藏(OA Archive)平台。(點選深入了解OA)

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