An Analysis of a Synonym Set of Japanese Kango Prefixes: “GYAKU-”, “TAI-” and “KOU-”
Resource
臺大日本語文研究, 26, 127-156
Journal
臺大日本語文研究
Journal Issue
26
Pages
127-156
Date Issued
2013-12
Date
2013-12
Author(s)
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to analyze the semantic relationships among five prefixes with similar semantic attributes, “HAN-“, “ANTI-“, “GYAKU-“, “TAI-“, and ”KOU-”. Besides "HAN-" and "ANTI-", "GYAKU-", "TAI-" and "KOU-" are also Japanese prefixes which mean “opposite”, "against", and "opposed to". First, the research focuses on the three Kango prefixes, “GYAKU-“, “TAI-“, and ”KOU-”. We analyze similarities and differences on word usages, meanings, and word formation processes among the three prefixes. Then we take the three prefixes to further compare with the Kango prefix “HAN-“, which owns the same Kanji symbol in Japanese and in Mandarin, as well as the Gairaigo prefix “ANTI-“.
According to the analysis results, the five prefixes do not only have similar semantic attributes(opposite, against, and opposed to) by themselves, but are also shown apparent connections among their derivatives and Mandarin translations. In addition, based on the results we found from word formation of Kango prefixes "GYAKU-" and "KOU-", as well as from connections between Gairaigo prefix "ANTI-" and other Japanese Kango prefixes, we once again proved that the Kango prefix "HAN-" possesses a core meaning of "opposite", which means "go from bottom to top".
Subjects
近義詞、前綴詞素、漢語、語意用法、語意屬性
Type
journal article
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