The Basic Administrative Organization in T'ang Dynasty
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Lin, Fengjue
Abstract
According “Tongdian”（通典）, there are three basic administrative organizations in T’ang dynasty: “XiangLi”（鄉里）organization which formed by households that divided “Li”（里）formed by hundred households and “Xiang”（鄉）formed by five hundred households; “WuBao”（伍保）organization which form by your house and four neighboring houses; “FangCun”（坊村）which divided “Fang” that in city and “Cun” outside city.
About these basic administrative organizations, there are many excellent researches by many scholars in a long time. Nevertheless, there are a lot of discrepancy between these researches. There are not any records about personnel and functions at “Xiang” organization on all history texts in T’ang dynasty, so every scholars doubt two questions: the existence of “Xiang” and if “Xiang” exist, who charge it? Many researches try to answer this two questions, but a lot of these researches lack “time-varying” that there is not change about “administrative organization” until the end of T’ang dynasty. Furthermore, these researches often focus on one of the basic administrative organization, so there are seldom integration researches about the basic administrative organization in T’ang Dynasty.
I expect base on the principle of time-varying to discuss the variation of three basic administrative organization at different time in T’ang Dynasty, and discussing the interaction, association at three basic administrative organization. I will divide two period: before the middle T’ang dynasty and after the middle T’ang dynasty. Before the middle T’ang dynasty that before large-scale social changes, the function of the basic administrative organization should as same as the records in the “ZhengShu”（政書）likes “Tongdian” and “Tang Liudain”（唐六典）etc… . And we still could divide two period before the middle T’ang dynasty to discuss: the year of “Zhenquan”（貞觀）9 that “Tang Taizong”（唐太宗）set up “XiangZhang”（鄉長）and “XiangZuo”（鄉佐）; and the year of “Zhenquan”15 that “Tang Taizong” abolish “XiangZhang” and “XiangZuo”. After the middle T’ang dynasty, on the “TangSong Transformation”（唐宋變革）, there are different basic administrative organization on the area of “Fanzhen”（藩鎮）besides the original basic administrative organization. I will discuss two part, the one is the changes of original three basic administrative organization; the other one is the basic administrative organization on the area of “Fanzhen”. In addition, I expect to discuss the historical significance of all these changes at the basic administrative organization that provide a side way to understand the basic administrative organization in T’ang dynasty.
Subjects
The Basic Administrative Organization
XiangLi Organization
WuBao Organization
FangCun Organization
Fanzhen
TangSong Transformation
Type
thesis
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