Photothermolysis of Tumor Cells Using Gold Nanorods Functionalized with Monoclonal Antibody
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Chang, Chia-Wei
Abstract
Gold nanorod (GNR) has great potential in cancer therapy field, because of its unique photophysical property in converting near-infrared (NIR) laser light into heat. GNRs fabricated by seed-mediated growth method with the aid of surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) have been widely used. However, due to strong cytotoxicity of CTAB, it is necessary to modify the surface of GNRs for cell-related studies. In this study, thiolated chitosan was synthesized and harnessed to replace CTAB originally used for stabilizing gold nanorods. The degree of thiol groups immobilized on chitosan was quantitatively determined by Ellman’s analysis. The average size of GNR and thiolated chitosan-modified GNR (CGNR) determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was 66 nm and 84.9 nm, respectively which are consistent with the images obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to confirm the existence of Au-S binding energy at 162.4 eV. Cytotoxicity study revealed that CGNR was much biocompatible than CTAB-stabilized GNR.GNRs were further conjugated with two different kinds of monoclonal antibodies: anti-GD2 and anti-CD133. The former antibody can specifically target neuroblastoma cells and the latter one is able to recognize glioblastoma stem-like cells. Our results showed that CGNRs functionalized with specific monoclonal antibody could be internalized by its corresponding cancer cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. NIR laser was then used to irradiate CGNR-laden cells for pre-determined power intensity and exposure time. The viability of NIR laser treated cells examined by calcein-AM dye demonstrated that cancer cells ingested with antibody-tagged CGNRs and irradiated with 808-nm NIR laser light were all found to undergo necrosis.
Subjects
gold nanorod
photothermal therapy
anti-GD2
anti-CD133
SDGs
Type
thesis
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