Influence of the mask magnification on imaging in hyper-NA lithography
Resource
Journal of the Optical Society of America A-Optics Image Science and Vision 24 (6): 1633-1640
Journal
Journal of the Optical Society of America A-Optics Image Science and
Journal Volume
Vision
Journal Issue
6
Pages
1633-1640
Date Issued
2007
Date
2007
Author(s)
Abstract
Argon fluoride laser (ArF) lithography using immersion technology has the potential to extend the application of optical lithography to 45 nm half-pitch and possibly beyond. By keeping the same 4x magnification factor, the dimensions of the structures on masks are becoming comparable to the exposure wavelength or even smaller. The polarization effect induced by mask features is, however, an issue. The introduction of a larger mask magnification should be strongly considered when poor diffraction efficiencies from subwavelength mask features and the resulting image degradation would be encountered in hyper-NA lithography. The dependence of the diffraction efficiencies on mask pitch and illuminating angle are evaluated. The near-field intensity and phase distributions from the mask are calculated. The imaging performance of 4x and 8x masks for the sub-45 nm node are explored. A rigorous coupled-wave analysis is developed and employed to analyze the optical diffraction from the 3D topographic periodic features.
Type
journal article
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