The function of sodium butyrate in regulating adipogenesis
Date Issued
2015
Date
2015
Author(s)
Cheng, Ying-Hung
Abstract
Butyric acid, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), is one of the main products from microbial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract. Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) and FFAR3 were found to be receptors for SCFA. In recent years, SCFAs have been shown to play an important role in the prevention and regulation of the metabolic syndrome, certain types of cancer and bowel disorders. Although, the functions of butyrate on adipogenesis were investigated, the results were not consistent. Therefore, we designed the current study to clarify the effects of butyrate on adipocyte differentiation. In the current study, stromal vascular cells (SVC) from murine and porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were used as the preadipocyte model. Adipocyte differentiation degree was assessed by Oil Red O staining and mRNA expression analysis of adipogenic genes. In addition to SVC of mouse and porcine SAT, we also used 3T3-L1 cell line as an in vitro model. 4-CMTB, an agonist of FFAR2, was used to determine whether the effects of butyrate are mediated through FFAR2. Compared with control, butyrate inhibited the differentiation of mouse adipocytes. The mRNA expression of adipogenesis related genes, Adipoq (adiponectin), Glut4 (glucose transporter type 4), Fasn (fatty acid synthase), Fabp4 (fatty acid binding protein 4), and Srebf1 (sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1), were inhibited in mouse adipocytes. In porcine adipocytes, butyrate enhanced the expression of adipogenic genes. On the other hand, 3T3-L1 cell differentiation was not affected by butyrate. 4-CMTB decreased the formation of adipocytes in mouse SVC and the expression of Adipoq, Fabp4 and Cebpa (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein, alpha).Our research demonstrated that butyrate inhibited mouse adipogenesis but enhanced adipogenesis in porcine SVC. Furthermore, the effect of butyrate on adipogenesis may be through the FFAR2 pathway. Further research is required to demonstrate the function of butyrate and the involvement of FFAR2 in regulating human adipogenesis. Such information can support whether murine or porcine model can be used as a better human model in coping with obesity.
Subjects
butyrate
free fatty acid receptor 2
adipogenesis
stromal-vascular cell
mouse
porcine
SDGs
Type
thesis
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