Effects of Higher Quality of Care on Initiation of Long-term Dialysis in Patients With CKD and Diabetes
Journal
American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Journal Volume
70
Journal Issue
5
Pages
666-674
Date Issued
2017
Author(s)
Wu H.-Y.
Fukuma S.
Shimizu S.
Norton E.C.
Chen M.-R.
Fukuhara S.
Abstract
Background The burden of diabetes-related chronic kidney disease (CKD) on individuals and society is increasing, shifting attention toward improving the quality of care for patients with CKD and diabetes. We assessed the quality of CKD care and its association with long-term dialysis, acute kidney injury (AKI), and death. Study Design Retrospective cohort study (2004-2011). Setting & Participants Adults in Taiwan with incident CKD enrolled in the Longitudinal Cohort of Diabetes Patients. Predictors 3 CKD-care quality indicators based on medical and pharmacy claims data were studied: prescription of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, testing for proteinuria, and nutritional guidance. Each was examined individually, and all were summed into an overall quality score. Outcomes The primary outcome was initiation of long-term dialysis therapy. Secondary outcomes were hospitalization due to AKI and death from any cause. Measurements Using instrumental variables related to the quality indicators to minimize both unmeasured and measured confounding, we fit a 2-stage residual inclusion model to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for each outcome. Results Among the 63,260 patients enrolled, 43.9% were prescribed renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, 60.6% were tested for proteinuria, and 13.4% received nutritional guidance. During a median follow-up of 37.9 months, 1,471 patients started long-term dialysis therapy, 2,739 patients were hospitalized due to AKI, and 4,407 patients died. Higher overall quality scores were associated with lower hazards for long-term dialysis in instrumental variable analyses (HR of 0.62 [95% CI, 0.40-0.98] per 1-point greater score) and hospitalization due to AKI (HR of 0.69 [95% CI, 0.50-0.96] per 1-point greater score). The hazard for all-cause death was nonsignificantly lower (HR of 0.80 [95% CI, 0.62-1.03] per 1-point greater score). Limitations Potential misclassification and uncontrolled confounding by indication. Conclusions Our findings suggest potential opportunities to improve long-term outcomes among patients with diabetes and CKD by improving the quality of their CKD care. ? 2017
Subjects
acute kidney injury (AKI); chronic kidney disease (CKD); diabetes; Diabetic kidney disease; disease progression; end-stage renal disease (ESRD); healthcare quality of care; incident dialysis; instrumental variable analysis; quality indicators
SDGs
Other Subjects
angiotensin receptor antagonist; renin inhibitor; angiotensin receptor antagonist; dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor; acute kidney failure; adult; aged; Article; chronic kidney failure; cohort analysis; diabetes mellitus; female; follow up; health care quality; hospitalization; human; long term care; major clinical study; male; mortality; nutritional support; proteinuria; renal replacement therapy; retrospective study; Acute Kidney Injury; cause of death; comorbidity; diabetes mellitus; Diabetic Nephropathies; diet therapy; factual database; hemodialysis; longitudinal study; middle aged; mortality; proportional hazards model; proteinuria; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; statistics and numerical data; Taiwan; utilization; Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Cause of Death; Comorbidity; Databases, Factual; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Nutrition Therapy; Proportional Hazards Models; Proteinuria; Quality Indicators, Health Care; Quality of Health Care; Renal Dialysis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Taiwan
Publisher
W.B. Saunders
Type
journal article