Prevalence of metabolic risk factors in HIV-infected population under antiretroviral therapy in northern Malawi
Date Issued
2015
Date
2015
Author(s)
Chung, Chia-Yun
Abstract
Background: With increased availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the life expectancy of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is expected to improve substantially. On the other hand, life-long ART may be associated with increased obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. The situation of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension in HIV-infected population in Malawi is unclear. We aim to conduct a survey to gain the prevalence of metabolic risk factors among HIV under ART patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including adult HIV-infected patients under ART treatment in a teaching hospital from northern Malawi. All patients who received follow-up at the HIV care and treatment clinic were invited, and the participation rate was 97.2%. After acquiring informed consent, trained field workers performed anthropometric measurements, blood pressure exam, and finger prick test for blood glucose. The prevalence of metabolic risk factors were compared to our study population by the 2009 stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) approach in Malawi. Results: This study included 410 participants (21.0% males). The prevalence of obesity (Body mass index (BMI)≥30) and overweight (25≤BMI<30) were 2.3% (95％CI: 0.0-5.5%) and 8.1% (95％CI: 2.4-13.9%) in males, and 12.0% (95％CI: 8.5-15.6%) and 26.9% (95％CI: 22.0-31.7%) in females. There were 18.1% (95% CI: 14.3-21.8%) diagnosed as hypertension. The prevalence of dysglycemia (19.5%, 95% CI: 18.4-20.6%) was higher than that in STEPS survey (9.8%). Old age was the common predictive factor, and significantly associated with these diseases. The comorbidity occupied 26.1% (95％CI: 21.9-30.4%) of all patients. Conclusion: Our study provides an initial assessment of the burden of metabolic risk factors among HIV-infected population under long-term ART treatment in Malawi. The high prevalence of metabolic risk factors in this population need more concerning. Long-term impact of ART treatment on the burden of non-communicable diseases warrants further investigation.
Subjects
HIV
antiretroviral therapy (ART)
metabolic risk factors
non-communicable diseases (NCD)
Malawi
SDGs
Type
thesis
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