Two-dimensional conjugated microporous polymer unveiling three-state electrochromism and faradaic energy-storage
Journal
Electrochimica Acta
Journal Volume
540
Start Page
147265
ISSN
00134686
Date Issued
2025-11-10
Author(s)
Abstract
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), first introduced in 2007, represent a distinctive class of covalent organic polymers characterized by their tunable microporous structures. Despite their significant potential in optoelectronics and energy storage, the development of CMPs has not progressed as comprehensively as their covalent organic framework (COF) counterparts. This disparity can be attributed to several persistent challenges, including the reliance of CMP's synthesis on metal-catalyst-based routes, adherence to restricted monomer varieties, unexplored structural dimensionalities, and underutilized cross-disciplinary applications. Moreover, while CMPs have been studied for applications such as molecular separation, sensors, photodetectors, and energy storage, their multifunctional capabilities—demonstrating applicability across at least two domains—remain largely unexplored, thereby limiting their broader utility. Herein, we report a metal-catalyst-free 2D-CMP network (designated as 2D-CMP-NTUtw) that exhibits multifunctionality, combining three-state electrochromism and supercapacitive behavior. The three-state electrochromism is achieved within an exceptionally low operating window of ∼0.70 V (vs. Ag/Ag+), making the synthesized CMP a compelling candidate for energy-efficient electrochromic materials. Furthermore, the material demonstrates (@5 A g⁻¹) a capacitance of ∼192.9 F g⁻¹ and a specific capacity of ∼37.5 mAh g⁻¹, highlighting its promising potential for energy storage applications. This study sets a precedent for adopting metal-free synthetic protocols and leveraging unconventional precursors to develop multifunctional 2D-CMPs, thereby broadening their applicability and addressing critical limitations in the field.
Subjects
Conjugated microporous polymer
Covalent organic polymer
Hybrid energy storage
Metal-catalyst free
Supercapacitors
Three-state electrochromism
SDGs
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Type
journal article