Identification of three new Prorocentrum species (Dinophyceae) isolated in Taiwan
Date Issued
2004
Date
2004
Author(s)
Chen, Yi-Chien
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
Abstract
Prorocentrum lima and three new species of Prorocentrum were identified according to their external features of cells, such as, shape and size, and ultrastructures of thecal plate ornamentation, intercalary band and architecture of the periflagellar area and grouped into three categoryies. Specimens identified in this research were previousely cloned from samples collected from the coastal area of Taiwan. Idnetification of these pecimens was further supported by their fatty acid and prorocentrolide compositions as chemotaxonomic characters.
Clones of the first group were identified as P. lima (Ehrenberg) Dodge. They have the typical features of cell, oval in valve view, 32.2-37.3 μm long and 22.8-26.8 μm wide, with the body length/width ratio of 1.4. Major fatty acids that count to 50% or more of total fatty acids were found to be 16:0 (27.5-41.27%), 18:1 (n-9) (9.3-15.4%), 20:5(n-3) (9.4-11.5%), and 22:6 (n-3) (8.3-16.3%). All three known macrolides, prorocentrolide 、4-hydroxyprorocentrolide and 14-O-acetyl-4-hydroxyprorocentrolide were found in clones of this group. This is the first record of this species in Taiwan.
Cells among clones of the second group were oblong in valve view, 33.3-36.5 μm long and 26.8-28.5 μm wide, with a length/width ratio of 1.3. Cell size and shape were close to P. lima. Marginal pores on the valve were oblong with trichocysts, were not observed among the published species. Major fatty acids of this species were C16:0 (38.2-39%) and C18:1 (n-7) (13.3-14.1%), lack in PUFA. Prorocentrolide was the only one of the three idenfiable macrolide in this species. So, this species was named as P. taiwan sp. nov., a new species of Prorocentrum.
Cells of the third Prorocentrum group were smaller than the other two. Clones the third group could be further separated into two subgroups, one group contained 3 clones isolated from Tainan aquaculture pond and the other one, 8 clones from Donggang aquaculture pond. Clones from Tainan were oblong in valve view, 8.2-8.8 μm long, 6.2-6.6 μm wide, and a length/width ratio of 1.3, delicate and smooth theca surface. The periflagellar area of Tainan clones had an oblong appearance, and two periflagellar pores, of which the flagellar pore was larger than the auxiliary pore. Fatty acid composition was found to be close to P. lima, with a major part in C16:0 (21.5-25.2%), C18:0 (13.2-13.5%), C20:5 (n-3) (17.6-19.2%) and C22:6 (n-3) (14-18.2%). These clones were named P. tainan sp. nov., another new species identified to contain prorocentrolide. Cells of Donggang isolates were also oblong in valve view, but slightly smaller in size. They were 7.5-8.5 μm long, 5.2-6.5 μm wide, and had a length/width ratio over 1.3. The periflagellar area was trapezoid-shaped, and the two periflagellar pores, the flagellar and auxiliary, were similar in size. The major fatty acids of these clones, C16:0 (31-36.4%), C20:3 (n-3) (15.3-15.8%), and C20:5 (n-3) (12.4-15.1%) and the lack of prorocentrolide pointed these clones were different from P. tainan and named P. donggang sp. nov., another new benthic Prorocentrum species.
Subjects
原甲藻
鑑定
Prorocentrum
Identification
Type
other
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