The Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Rabbiteye and Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) at High Temperatures.
Date Issued
2016
Date
2016
Author(s)
Chang, Chia-Chih
Abstract
The rabbiteye (Vaccinium ashei Reade) and most southern highbush (V. corymbosum hybrid) grow well in the lowland of Taipei but temporary wilting of young shoots often occurred in the high summer heat. This thesis investigated leaf gas exchange characteristics and leaf morphology of rabbiteye (RB), northern highbush (V. corymbosum (NH) and southern highbush (SH) blueberries in order to document their heat acclimation mechanism. This study first compared the gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence among blueberry varieties in temperature controlled environments or the field conditions. In general, under high temperatures, Rabbiteye blueberries had higher net photosynthesis rate and more stable Fv/Fm than highbush blueberries. Maximum Pn of ‘Brightwell’(RB) was measured between 33-36℃, and Fv/Fm value was highest among other varieties. Variations in leaf morphological characters including color, thickness, abaxial epidermis, adaxial epidermis, stomata density and stomata aperture among cultivars were examined. The RB cultivars had light green leaves while ‘Misty’(SH), ‘O’neal’(SH) and ‘Weymouth’(NH) had dark green leaves. ‘Premier’(RB) and ‘Gloria’(RB) had the thickest leaves among all tested cultivars; Misty’(SH), ‘O’Neal’(SH) and ‘Sharpblue’(SH) had thinner leaves. The abaxial epidermis wax of ‘Brightwell’(RB), Misty’(SH), ‘O’Neal’(SH) and ‘Capefear’(SH) were thicker than other cultivars. ‘O’Neal’(SH) expressed a lower opening percentage of stomatal apertures and a flat stomata position on leaf surface. And the ‘Brightwell’(RB), ‘Powderblue’(RB) and ‘Weymouth’(NH) observed with the wax rodlets accumulated in and adjacent to stomatal pores for opening stomata. Therefore, RB might also contribute to the better acclimation at high temperature environments.
Subjects
leaf temperature
transpiration
net photosynthesis
stomatal conductance
chlorophyll fluorescence
wax content
leaf thickness
stomatal density
stomatal open percentage
SDGs
Type
thesis
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