Comparison of Immunomodulatory and Anticancer Activities in Different Strains of Tremella fuciformis Berk
Journal
American Journal of Chinese Medicine
Date Issued
2015
Author(s)
Abstract
Tremella fuciformis Berk (TF) is a common edible and medicinal mushroom, and has long been used in food and in Chinese medicine. It possesses anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative, and neuroprotective abilities. Since their cultivation is a problem, TFs in Taiwan are primarily imported from China, which has a problem with pesticide residues. Thus, the question of whether the Taiwan cultivated TFs, T1, and T6 showed similar or even better results than TFs from China (CH) was assessed in the present study. The results of the physicochemical tests of these TFs showed that T1 extracted by hot water (T1H) has the highest concentration of polysaccharide; meanwhile, T6 extracted by cold water (T6C) showed the highest amount of protein. Regarding the immune modulatory effects of these TFs, hot water extracts of these TFs augmented significantly the inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression than those of cold water extracts. On the other hand, the cold water extracts of TFs, especially of T1C, obviously suppressed cancer cell survival better than those of hot water extracts. Interestingly, we found that hot water extracts of TFs may augment necrotic cell death, whereas, cold water extracts of TFs induce apoptosis. Furthermore, we also showed that these TFs activate caspase-3 cleavage, up regulate the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and decrease MMP-9 expressions in PC-3 cells. Taken together, our results indicated that T1 and T6 strains of TFs showed the similar immune modulatory and anticancer abilities were better than the CH strain of TFs. ? 2015 World Scientific Publishing Company.
Subjects
Anticancer Activity; Bcl-2; Caspase; Immunomodulation; Tremella fuciformis
SDGs
Other Subjects
antineoplastic agent; caspase 3; gelatinase B; hot water; inducible nitric oxide synthase; interleukin 6; messenger RNA; pesticide residue; plant extract; protein Bax; protein bcl 2; Tremella fuciformis extract; tumor necrosis factor alpha; unclassified drug; antineoplastic agent; Bcl2 protein, mouse; caspase 3; fungal polysaccharide; gelatinase B; immunologic factor; inducible nitric oxide synthase; interleukin 6; messenger RNA; plant extract; protein Bax; protein bcl 2; tumor necrosis factor; water; animal cell; animal experiment; antiinflammatory activity; antineoplastic activity; antioxidant activity; apoptosis; Article; cell line RAW 264.7; cell survival; cell viability; China; controlled study; HepG2 cell line; human; human cell; immunomodulation; male; mouse; neuroprotection; nonhuman; protein cleavage; protein expression; Taiwan; Tremella fuciformis; upregulation; Agaricales; animal; cell death; chemistry; comparative study; drug effects; gene expression; genetics; isolation and purification; metabolism; necrosis; pathology; prostate tumor; RAW 264.7 cell line; temperature; tumor cell line; Agaricales; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Caspase 3; Cell Death; Cell Line, Tumor; Fungal Polysaccharides; Gene Expression; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Interleukin-6; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Mice; Necrosis; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Plant Extracts; Prostatic Neoplasms; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; RAW 264.7 Cells; RNA, Messenger; Temperature; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Up-Regulation; Water
Type
journal article