Morphological and RAPD studies of Sphenomeris chusana (L.) Copel, with emphasis on the stream type population
Date Issued
2004
Date
2004
Author(s)
Chiang, I-Hua
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
Sphenomeris chusana (L.) Copel is a wildly distributed species in Taiwan at open place or forest edge. There are some individuals growing on the stream bed at the north of Taiwan showing somewhat miniature form of S. chusana. In the past we treat these little forms as one kind of stream ecotype of S. chusana. In addition, there is another type of S. chusana with normal size growth on stream bed, but can be distinguished from S. chusana by its long rhizome. The aims of my thesis are to understand: (1) The distribution and its ecological meaning of this miniature form of S. chusana. (2) Whether it is a species or an ecotype. (3) Whether it has rheophytic characters. (4) The identify of the long rhizome S. chusana.
In this study, we analyzed the morphological characters include the size of leaf and rhizome; mesophyll and stomata, as well as RAPD analysis in order to elucidate the relationships among Taiwan’s Sphenomeris. The result of PCA analysis based on morphological characters clearly separates S. chusana and the miniature form of S. chusana into two clusters. Phlylogenetic analysis based on banding patterns of RAPD data clearly showed that S. chusana and another taxon, Sphenomeris biflora, formed sister groups, and together this clade is sistered to the miniature form of S. chusana. In all, they all strongly suggest that the miniature form of S. chusana should be a distinct species. The distribution of the miniature form is restricted to northern part of Taiwan and can be mostly found at Wuchih Shan area, and the plant shows many rheophyte characteristics. We also find that the long rhizome S. chusana is a nature hybrid between S. chusana and the miniature form of S. chusana.
Subjects
天然雜交種
RAPD
溪流蕨類
生態型
烏蕨
rheophyte
ecotype
Sphenomeris chusana
nature hybrid
Type
other
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