海水中有機膠體物質與微量元素互動反應研究(I)：有機硫醇物之分佈與重要性(2/2)
Date Issued
2002
Date
2002
Author(s)
DOI
902611M002024
Abstract
國際先進研究顯示，膠體對發生在海洋中的反應與機制過程影響重大；
舉凡緩衝全球氣候變遷，生物地球化學交換與循環，微量元素清除與滯留，改變
懸浮顆粒特性與沉積行為，細菌對碳的利用與微生物環境變化等。為能詳盡瞭解
膠體對海洋的影響，當今國際海洋研究首要課題便是海洋膠體的分佈、組成、定
性定量、反應與機制。
微量元素，特別是一些重金屬元素，不僅是海洋生物不可或缺的營養元
素，當其濃度升高時，亦成為它們的致命因子。微量元素當然更與污染物質息息
相關，是研究環境污染無法忽略的重要繯結。現今科學界初步已知微量元素在海
洋中的行為，除了與其濃度與水體本身的物理化學性質有關外，更與其在於水體
環境中的媒介、載體、種類密不可分。
過去研究學者皆著重於微量元素無機種類之研究，但是近來眾多證據顯
示，溶解性有機物（包括膠體）對微量元素在海洋中的行為有主要的影響，其中
又以大分子的有機硫醇物(Thiols)與酸性多糖纇(Acidic Polysaccharides)最為重
要。
本研究計劃的主要目的在於運用不同的分離技術與分析方法，並配合實驗
設計進行整合研究，期望先以一年時間初步探討海水中膠體與有機硫醇物在一些
海洋環境的分佈與種類，並了解其對不同類型微量元素（鋁、銀、銅、鐵、鎘、
鎳）的基本互動機制，以便能夠對海水膠體主要組成與官能團的結構，和其對微
量元素的機制過程提供完整詳盡資料。進而瞭解其作用如何影響海洋環境，為目
前國內與國際海洋學界提供嶄新研究資料，以達成全面性海洋科學研究與國際先
進研究並駕齊駒、相互競逐的宗旨。
Subjects
Colloids
Thiols
Trace Elements
Speciation
Distr ibution
Recent studies indicated that colloidal organic matter has considerable
potential for impacting upon many oceanic processes, such as oceanic buffering of
global climate change, in biogeochemical conversions and cycling, in trace element
scavenging, in latering the sedimentation behaviour of suspended particles, in carbon
utilization by bacteria and in ther generation of microbial habitat. Central to
understanding the roles of colloidal orgainc mater in oceanic processes are the needs
to (1) quantify this fraction accurately (2) characterize the components, and (3) relate
well-defined major components to relevant activity.
There is increasing evidence for the importance of organic matter
complexation of trace elements in natural waters. One of the most important questions
in marine and environmental chemistry is the identification of specific functional
groups which are responsible for complexing a particular trace metal. The objectives
include the determination of
potential for impacting upon many oceanic processes, such as oceanic buffering of
global climate change, in biogeochemical conversions and cycling, in trace element
scavenging, in latering the sedimentation behaviour of suspended particles, in carbon
utilization by bacteria and in ther generation of microbial habitat. Central to
understanding the roles of colloidal orgainc mater in oceanic processes are the needs
to (1) quantify this fraction accurately (2) characterize the components, and (3) relate
well-defined major components to relevant activity.
There is increasing evidence for the importance of organic matter
complexation of trace elements in natural waters. One of the most important questions
in marine and environmental chemistry is the identification of specific functional
groups which are responsible for complexing a particular trace metal. The objectives
include the determination of
(1) the concentrations and distributions of colloids in
different marine waters
different marine waters
(2) the concentrations and distributions of dissolved,
colloidal and particulate thiols in different marine waters
colloidal and particulate thiols in different marine waters
(3) complexation of metal
ions to specific thiols in natural organic matter
ions to specific thiols in natural organic matter
(4) determination of the structure and
stability of these biopolymers towards biological, chemical and photochemical
degradation.
The approach consists of using instrumental methods (e.g., Cross-flow
ultrafiltration, ion exchage, HPLC, GF-AAS, ICPMS). The proposed research is
relevant to oceanography because thiols have a special role in aquatic organisms as
metal sequestering and detoxification agents, thus regulating trace metal
concentrations as well as their bioavailability and toxicity. These organic fibrils also
have a similar function in the extracellular mileu by forming flocs and biofilms,
binding extracellular enzymes in their active forms, scavenging trace metals from the
water, immobilizing toxic substances, altering the surface characteristics of suspended
particles, and modifying the solubility of associated molecules.
stability of these biopolymers towards biological, chemical and photochemical
degradation.
The approach consists of using instrumental methods (e.g., Cross-flow
ultrafiltration, ion exchage, HPLC, GF-AAS, ICPMS). The proposed research is
relevant to oceanography because thiols have a special role in aquatic organisms as
metal sequestering and detoxification agents, thus regulating trace metal
concentrations as well as their bioavailability and toxicity. These organic fibrils also
have a similar function in the extracellular mileu by forming flocs and biofilms,
binding extracellular enzymes in their active forms, scavenging trace metals from the
water, immobilizing toxic substances, altering the surface characteristics of suspended
particles, and modifying the solubility of associated molecules.
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學海洋研究所
Type
report
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