DEVELOPMENT OF LESS-POLLUTANT (HEALTHY) INCENSE-CHARACTERIZATION OF AEROSOL EMISSION FROM SMOLDERING INCENSE
Date Issued
2003-07-31
Date
2003-07-31
Author(s)
林嘉明
DOI
912320B002176
Abstract
The recent development of architects as
well as the change of life style leads human
spending more times on indoor activities. As a
result, the indoor air is getting concern with
human health. Thus this project is aimed at
identifying chemical species of indoor air
pollutants and their hazard, developing real
time sampling technique for major chemical
pollutants and its application on exposure
assessment, and demonstrating the appropriate
sampling strategies for indoor pollutants.
In the first year study, twenty-six rooms
in a bricked office building of five stories, in
which the HVAC system with recirculation of
indoor air was equipped, were randomly
sampled. During the period between 10/2002
and 11/2002, the microenvironment in each
room was monitored on a daily basis by using
the real-time direct reading instruments for
CO2, temperature, relative humidity,
ventilation rate and total volatile organic
compounds （TVOCs ）. The outdoor
microenvironment in parallel to the indoor
environment was also monitored in six rooms.
In addition, 13 VOCs were also determined by
active sampling incorporated with GC/MS
analysis.
As results, TVOCs, CO2, temperature,
and relative humidity in the indoor
microenvironments demonstrated various
patterns of diurnal fluctuations. Of 65 ％
rooms, the measured ventilation rates
complied with the requirement for diluting
CO2 to the level of 650 ppm. But, 82 ％
offices were not able to maintain room
temperature and relative humidity at
comfortable zone day wide. The cumulative
phenomenon of CO2 in a day occurred in
several rooms and the cumulative coefficients
ranged from 1.4×10 -3 to 6.5×10 -3 min -1 based
on the dataset measured in afternoon. The
level of CO2 increased with intensity of
personal activity and population density in a
room. Trimethylbenzenes (TMBs) as
indicators of pollutants of outdoor origin
positively associated with ventilation rates. In
conclusion, HVAC system in the office
building with energy conservation mind
restricts the fresh air supply so that it cannot
efficiently regulate temperature, humidity and
CO2 to meet the requirements for health and
comfort, even if the ventilation rate by
appearance complies with the ventilation
requirements.
In addition, the SPME fiber of 30 μ m
polydimethylsiloxane functioning as a passive
sampler was applied to collect the reference
TMBs, for thermal desorption and GC/Ms
analysis. The optimized condition for thermal
desorption, the sampling rates and the storage
stability were validated. As samples were
desorbed at 250 ℃ for 1 min, the sampling
rates in average with coefficient of variance
within 10% were 5.88 ×10 -5 cm 3 /sec for 1,3,5
- TMB, 6.24 ×10 -5 cm 3 /sec for 1,2,4 - TMB
and 6.14 ×10 -5 cm 3 /sec for 1,2,3 – TMB. The
instrument detection limits were close to
0.128 ng. The recovery rates for samples
stored at －70 ℃ for an hour were close to
80%. In conclusion, the SPME fiber can
collect enough amount of TMB for GC/MS
analysis even the sampling time is as short as
5 minutes.
Subjects
air conditioning of office building
carbon dioxide
ventilation rate
volatile
organic compounds
organic compounds
trimethylbenzene (TMB)
solid phase microextraction (SPME)
passive
sampling
sampling
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學公共衛生學院環境衛生研究所
Type
report
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