Enhanced mitochondrial function and delivery from adipose-derived stem cell spheres via the EZH2-H3K27me3-PPARγ pathway for advanced therapy
Journal
Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Journal Volume
16
Journal Issue
1
ISSN
1757-6512
Date Issued
2025-03-11
Author(s)
Ming-Min Chang
Dinh Toi Chu
Sheng-Che Lin
Jung-Shun Lee
Thuy Duong Vu
Hue Thi Vu
Thamil Selvee Ramasamy
Chia-Ching Wu
DOI
10.1186/s13287-025-04164-1
Abstract
Background
Microenvironmental alterations induce significant genetic and epigenetic changes in stem cells. Mitochondria, essential for regenerative capabilities, provide the necessary energy for stem cell function. However, the specific roles of histone modifications and mitochondrial dynamics in human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) during morphological transformations remain poorly understood. In this study, we aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which ASC sphere formation enhances mitochondrial function, delivery, and rescue efficiency.
Methods
ASCs were cultured on chitosan nano-deposited surfaces to form 3D spheres. Mitochondrial activity and ATP production were assessed using MitoTracker staining, Seahorse XF analysis, and ATP luminescence assays. Single-cell RNA sequencing, followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), was conducted to uncover key regulatory pathways, which were validated through molecular techniques. Pathway involvement was confirmed using epigenetic inhibitors or PPARγ-modulating drugs. Mitochondrial structural integrity and delivery efficiency were evaluated after isolation.
Results
Chitosan-induced ASC spheres exhibited unique compact mitochondrial morphology, characterized by condensed cristae, enhanced mitochondrial activity, and increased ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation. High expressions of mitochondrial complex I genes and elevated levels of mitochondrial complex proteins were observed without an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Epigenetic modification of H3K27me3 and PPARγ involvement were discovered and confirmed by inhibiting H3K27me3 with the specific EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 and by adding the PPARγ agonist Rosiglitazone (RSG). Isolated mitochondria from ASC spheres showed improved structural stability and delivery efficiency, suppressed the of inflammatory cytokines in LPS- and TNFα-induced inflamed cells, and rescued cells from damage, thereby enhancing function and promoting recovery.
Conclusion
Enhancing mitochondrial ATP production via the EZH2-H3K27me3-PPARγ pathway offers an alternative strategy to conventional cell-based therapies. High-functional mitochondria and delivery efficiency show significant potential for regenerative medicine applications.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Description
Article number: 129
Type
journal article