Tocotrienol-rich fraction of palm oil exhibits anti-inflammatory property by suppressing the expression of inflammatory mediators in human monocytic cells
Journal
Molecular Nutrition and Food Research
Journal Volume
52
Journal Volume
52
Journal Issue
8
Journal Issue
8
Pages
921-929
Start Page
921
End Page
929
ISSN
16134125
Date Issued
2008-08
Author(s)
Abstract
Tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) of palm oil has been shown to possess potent antioxidant, anticancer, and cholesterol lowering activities. In this study, our aim was to examine the effects of TRF on LPS-induced inflammatory response through measuring the production of inflammatory mediators, namely nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cytokines (TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-8), cyclooxygenase-1 and-2 (COX-1 and COX-2), and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) in human monocytic (THP-1) cells. At concentrations 0.5-5.0 μg/mL, TRF dose-dependently protected against LPS-induced cell death. At same concentrations, TRF also showed potent antiinflammatory activity as demonstrated by a dose-dependent inhibition of LPS (1 μg/mL)-induced release of NO and PGE2, and a significant decrease in the transcription of proinflammatory cytokines. TRF at 1.0 μg/mL significantly blocked the LPS induction of iNOS and COX-2 expression, but not COX-1. This anti-inflammatory activity was further supported by the inhibition of NF-κB expression. These results conclude that TRF possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity, and its mechanism of action could be through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 production, as well as NF-κB expression.
Subjects
COX-2
Cytokines
NF-κB
THP-1 cells
Tocotrienols
Publisher
Wiley-VCH Verlag
Type
journal article