In vitro and in vivo comparisons of the effects of the fruiting body and mycelium of Antrodia camphorata against amyloid β-protein-induced neurotoxicity and memory impairment
Journal
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Journal Volume
94
Journal Issue
6
Pages
1505-1519
Date Issued
2012
Author(s)
Wang, Li-Chun
Wang, Shen-En
Wang, Jyh-Jye
Tsai, Tsung-Yu
Lin, Chun-Hong
Lee, Chun-Lin
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata is a particular and precious medicinal mushroom, and its fruiting body was found to provide more efficient protection from oxidative stress and inflammation than its mycelium because of its higher content of triterpenoids, total phenols, and so on. In the previous in vitro studies, the mycelium of A. camphorata is proven to provide strong neuroprotection in neuron cells and suggested to have the potential of protection against neurotoxicity of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) known as the risk factor toward Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. However, the in vivo study and the comparison study with the fruiting body have not yet been investigated. This study compared the effect of the fruiting body and mycelium of A. camphorata on alleviating the Aβ40-induced neurocytotoxicity in the in vitro Aβ-damaged neuron cell model (PC-12 cell treated with Aβ40) and memory impairment in the in vivo AD animal model induced with a continuous brain infusion of Aβ40. In the results of in vitro and in vivo studies, the fruiting body possessed stronger anti-oxidative and antiinflammatory abilities for inhibiting neurocytotoxicity in Aβ40-treated PC-12 cells and Aβ40 accumulation in Aβ40-infused brain than mycelium. Moreover, hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) protein expression, known as an important AD risk factor, was suppressed by the treatment of fruiting body rather than that of mycelium in the in vitro and in vivo studies. These comparisons supported the reasons why the fruiting body resulted in a more significant improvement effect on working memory ability than mycelium in the AD rats. ? Springer-Verlag 2012.
Subjects
Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid; Antrodia camphorata; Fruiting body; Mycelium
SDGs
Other Subjects
Cells; Cytology; Glycoproteins; Neurodegenerative diseases; Proteins; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid; Antrodia camphorata; Fruiting bodies; Mycelium; Fungi; amyloid beta protein; Antrodia camphorata extract; fungal extract; mevinolin; neuroprotective agent; thiobarbituric acid reactive substance; unclassified drug; amyloid beta protein; neuroprotective agent; brain; comparative study; fruiting; memory; mushroom; nervous system disorder; neurology; phenol; protein; risk factor; rodent; toxicity; Alzheimer disease; animal cell; animal experiment; animal model; Antrodia camphorata; article; cell viability; comparative study; controlled study; fruiting body; hippocampus; immunoblotting; immunohistochemistry; in vitro study; in vivo study; male; memory disorder; mycelium; neuroprotection; neurotoxicity; nonhuman; oxidative stress; PC12 cell; protein expression; rat; reference memory; working memory; Alzheimer disease; animal; Antrodia; cell line; chemistry; drug effect; growth, development and aging; human; memory; metabolism; psychological aspect; Wistar rat; Animalia; Basidiomycota; Rattus; Taiwanofungus camphoratus; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antrodia; Cell Line; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Humans; Male; Memory; Mycelium; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar
Type
journal article