Effects of Fruit and Flower Development and Hand Flower Thinning on Growth of Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze)
Date Issued
2015
Date
2015
Author(s)
Tsai, Bi-Cheng
Abstract
This study is to explore Taiwan main cultivars ‘TEES No. 12’ and ‘Chin-Shin Oolong’ reproductive characteristics, and its effect on growth and yield. It is divided into eight stages from labeling to flowering. In stage 1-4, each length and width of flower is less than 5 mm and 4 mm. Flowers grow slowly in this period. In stage 5-7, flowers enter rapid growth period and petals turn to white. Color of stamens turn to yellow from transparent. In stage 8,flowers enter anthesis period. ‘TEES No. 12’ and ‘Chin-Shin Oolong’ flowers both appear single sigmoid growth curve. ‘TEES No. 12’ needs 102 days and ‘Chin-Shin Oolong’ needs 114 days from labeling to anthesis. Investigating fruit height, width and fresh weight of ‘TEES No. 12’ and ‘Chin-Shin Oolong’ that show fruits both belong to single sigmoid growth curve. Weight of ripe fruits with single seed, double seeds and triple seeds of ‘TEES No. 12’ and ‘Chin-Shin Oolong’ is 4.37 ± 1.7 g, 6.27 ± 1.33 g, 6.51 ± 0.71 g, and 4.7 ± 0.8 g,7.0 ± 1.3 g, 11.8 ± 0.6 g individually. In order to understand the effect of pot’s size and hand flower thinning treatment on top and root growth, planting ‘TEES No. 12’ annual cutting in 30 cm and 60 cm pot, and utilize 50％ hand flower thinning, 100％ hand flower thinning and control treatment. Results indicate that 50％ hand flower thinning and 100％ hand flower thinning can advance roots growing. Pot’s size treatment and hand flower thinning treatment have an interaction on total root length and root weight. Which planting in 60 cm plot cuttings, hand flower thinning treatment promote roots fresh weight, roots dry weight, total root length and total dry weight. Further investigating the effect of hand flower thinning treatment on tea yield, character, nutrient content and fruit yield. Using ‘TEES No. 12’ as material, and comparing the effect of 0％ hand flower thinning, 25％ hand flower thinning, 50％ hand flower thinning, 75％ hand flower thinning, and 100％ hand flower thinning on autumn tea, winter tea, spring tea, and summer tea. Using 50％ hand flower thinning treatment advances leaves’ weights of winter tea and spring tea. Summing four season yield, 50％ hand flower thinning treatment is 281.1 g/m2 ,and control is 195.9 g/m2. Yield will increase 0.85 ton every hectare and per year. Using 25％ and 50％ hand flower thinning treatment increase 2nd leaf thickness, 3rd leaf width, and 3rd leaf thickness. Using 75％ and 100％ hand flower thinning treatment promote bud elongation. Except 100％ hand flower thinning treatment, other treatments maintain fruit yield. 100％ hand flower thinning has the highest score in winter tea quality, which has relatively bright color. 50％ hand flower thinning on spring tea has rich fragrance. In nutritional analysis of leaves, using 50％ hand flower thinning increases nitrogen content of autumn tea, potassium content of autumn tea, phosphorus content of winter tea and phosphorus content of summer tea. Based on the above results, using 50％ hand flower thinning can promote tea yield, character, and quality.
Subjects
growth curve
hand flower thinning
flush shoot character
functional tasting
nutritional analysis
Type
thesis
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