Assessing the arsenic-contaminated rice (Oryza sativa) associated children skin lesions
Resource
Journal of Hazardous Materials, In Press
Journal
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Pages
239-251
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the potential risk of children skin lesions from arsenic-contaminated rice (Oryza sativa) consumption in West Bengal (India). Published age- and gender-specific skin lesions data in West Bengal were reanalyzed and incorporated into a Weibull dose-response model to predict children skin lesion prevalence. Monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)) levels in urine was used as a biomarker that could be predicted from a human physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. This study integrated arsenic contents in irrigation water, bioaccumulation factors of paddy soil, cooking methods, and arsenic bioavailability of cooked rice in gastrointestinal tract into a probabilistic risk model. Results indicated that children aged between 13 and 18 years might pose a relative higher potential risk of skin lesions to arsenic-contaminated cooked rice (odds ratios (ORs) = 1.18 (95% CI 1.12-2.15)) than those of 1-6 years children (ORs = 0.98 (0.85-1.40)). This study revealed the need to consider the relationships between cooking method and arsenic in cooked rice when assessing the risk associated with children skin lesions from rice consumption. This study suggested that arsenic-associated skin lesions risk from arsenic-contaminated rice consumption would be reduced significantly by adopting traditional rice cooking method (wash until clean; rice:water = 1:6; discard excess water) as followed in West Bengal (India) and using water containing lower arsenic (e.g., <10 μg L-1) for cooking. ? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Arsenic; Children; Cooked rice; Risk assessment; Skin lesions
SDGs
Other Subjects
Arsenic bioavailability; Arsenic content; Bioaccumulation factor; Children; Cooked rice; Cooking methods; Dose-response models; Gastrointestinal tract; Irrigation waters; Monomethylarsonous acids; Odds ratios; Paddy soils; Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models; Potential risks; Probabilistic risk; Rice (oryza sativa); Rice cooking; Skin lesion; Weibull; West Bengal; Arsenic; Biochemistry; Contamination; Dermatology; Geologic models; Irrigation; Operating rooms; Physiological models; Risk management; Water supply; Risk assessment; arsenic; methanearsonic acid; acid; arsenic; assessment method; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; biomarker; child health; disease prevalence; dose-response relationship; food consumption; health risk; integrated approach; irrigation; lesion; rice; risk assessment; skin disorder; urine; age distribution; article; bioaccumulation; controlled study; cooking; food contamination; food washing; health hazard; high risk population; hyperpigmentation; India; keratosis; prediction; prevalence; rice; risk assessment; soil pollution; water contamination; Adolescent; Age Factors; Arsenic; Child; Child, Preschool; Cookery; Humans; India; Infant; Oryza sativa; Predictive Value of Tests; Prevalence; Sex Factors; Skin Diseases; India; West Bengal; Oryza sativa
Type
journal article
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