A 3D computer graphics-based biomechanical model of the knee joint for the design and evaluation of total knee replacements (2/3)
Date Issued
2003-07-31
Date
2003-07-31
Author(s)
DOI
912320B002091
Abstract
Total knee replacement (TKR) has been
the main choice of treatment for advanced
degenerative knee osteoarthritis over the last
few decades. In developing a new prosthesis,
it is essential to ensure the functional
performance that the prosthesis may bring to
the patient.
In the present study, the 3D computer
graphics-based biomechanical model of the
knee joint that was developed in the first year
has been used to simulate total knee
replacement surgeries for the study of the
effects of TKR designs (PCL retaining/substitution) on the biomechanical performance
of the knee during functional activities. The
results of the study showed that the stability of
the knee was significantly reduced after surgery
as the stabilizing structures such as ligaments
and articular surfaces were removed or changed.
Existing total knees were unable to reconstruct
the normal stability of the joint. Therefore,
muscles are important for knee stability during
movement. Since the ACL was removed,
normal knee kinematics cannot be recovered
simply by TKR without any substituting
mechanism for the ACL. Both types of TKR
produced passive knee kinematics that was
very different from normal. The removal of
the ACL reduced significantly the stability of
the knee but could be recovered by hamstrings
actions with 30-50% level of its maximum
force. Responses of the joint with hamstrings
action were similar for the two types of TKR
and the ACL-deficient knee. It seems that
reconstruction of the ACL function may be
considered in future TKR designs.
The results of the present study will form
a strong basis for the execution of the second
year project in which the knee model will be
incorporated into an existing lower limb model
to study the mechanics of normal and prosthetic
knees during functional activities.
Subjects
knee biomechanics
total knee
replacement
replacement
computer model
gait analysis
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學醫學工程學研究所
Type
report
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