The Hypoglycemic Effect of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Leaf Aqueous Extract and Its Active Compound
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Cheng, Fang-Chi
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease associated with significant lifelong morbidity. In 2008, DM was the fifth of top ten cause of death in Taiwan and more than 95% are type 2 DM. It is one of the major diseases that human being eagerly wants to overcome. Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) is one of the most important economic fruit in Taiwan. People boil guava leaves in water and drink the extract as a folk medicine for diabetes. However the efficient component is unclear. The present study investigated the enhancement of aqueous guava leaf extract on glucose uptake in rat clone 9 hepatocytes and searched for the active compound. he guava leaf aqueous extract was eluted with MeOH-H2O solutions through Diaion, Sephadex and MCI-gel columns to separate into fractions with different polarities. The uptake test of 2-[1-14C ] deoxy-D-glucose in rat clone 9 hepatocytes was performed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of these fractions. The active compound was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). n the results, the high polarity fractions (D25, D50) of guava leaf extract could increase significantly the glucose uptake of clone 9 cells (p<0.05). The glucose uptake of clone 9 cells treated with guava leaf extracts at short time (24 hrs) was higher than at long time (48 hrs). When treated at the same time, the glucose uptake of clone 9 cells increased as the rising dosage. It was a dose-dependent reaction. The results revealed that phenolics are the principal component of the extract, that high polarity fractions of the guava leaf extract are enhancers to glucose uptake in rat clone 9 hepatocytes, and quercetin is the major active compound after H1-NMR and HPLC analysis. n a conclusion, we suggest that quercetin in the aqueous extract of guava leaves promotes glucose uptake in liver cells through the membrane property of cells or modulation of insulin signaling transduction pathway, and that contributes to the alleviation of hypoglycemia in diabetes as a consequence.
Subjects
Psidium guajava L.
glucose uptake
diabetes
phenolic
SDGs
Type
thesis
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