The Conflict between Tang Dynasty and the Turks in the Agricultural- Pastoral Mixed District from 7th to 8th Century

This thesis dual with the conflict between Tang Dynasty and the Turks in the Agricultural- Pastoral mixed District from 7th to 8th century and its influence. Agricultural- Pastoral mixed District was a long and narrow transitional area from Liaoning to the west of Inner Mongolia and the north of Shaanxi. This thesis would focus on the nowadays middle part of Inner Mongolia and North of Shanxi, which was the location of Chanyu Protectorate during the Gaozong reign. The conflict between Tang Dynasty and the Turks in the Agricultural- Pastoral mixed District means, 1. fall of the First Turkic Khanate in early 7th century and the establishment of Jimifuzhou and 2. The war between Tang Dynasty and the Second Turkic Khanate in late 7th and the early 8th century. In history, nomadic states and agricultural China had conflicts in the Agricultural- Pastoral mixed District, if the latter won the war, it settled down the surrendered tribes in the same area to defense the outer nomadic tribes. Tang Dynasty created Jimifuzhou for the same reason. Tang Dynasty promoted the members of the Ashide clan(or tribe) and overheaded the members of the Ashina clan(or tribe), it caused the rise of Ashides that the Turks rebuilt their khanate under the leadership of Ashides. In the context of inner Asia history, the Turkic Alphabet was invented in the era of the second Turkic Khanate,, which mean the “civilizing” in the north of Gobi. The following Uyghurs built cities and introduced systemic religion, finished the progress of “civilizing”. Affected by Uyghurs, the Khitans displaced the original tribal communities, as a symbol of medieval period in inner Asia history. In the other hand, although the Tang Dynasty defensed itself from the invasion of Turks by organizing the Shuofang Army and building the three Shouxiangchengs, it came to weaken in 8th to 9th century, the local powers fall into the hands of warlords, Li Keyong controlled the north of Shanxi and the middle part of Inner Mongolia, his followers built the Sha-t’o dynasties. In conclusion, the path of Chinese and Inner Asian history in after 8th century was affected by the conflict between Tang Dynasty and the Turks in the Agricultural- Pastoral mixed District from 7th to 8th century in some reason.