Inhibitory effect of swine anti-coronaviral serum and antiviral agents against feline coronavirus in vitro
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Hsieh, Li-En
Abstract
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), is an immune-mediated fatal disease caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV). Currently no effective vaccine and therapy is available for the disease. This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using swine anti-coronaviral serum and other new antiviral agents as a mean for the prevention and control of FIP. Serum harvested from specific pathogen free (SPF) pigs inoculated with vaccinia virus expressing recombinant transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) spike protein were tested for its neutralization capacity against FCoV. The result showed this swine origin anti-coronaviral serum exhibited the ability to neutralize FCoV type II to a relative high neutralizing titer (1024 ×). A titer that is nearly reach the mean of those serum obtained from other naturally occurring FIP. In the evaluation of inhibitory activity of antiviral agents, the cytotoxicity of 11 commercialized antiviral agents was first tested by MTT assay on fcwf-4 cell. Based on the results of MTT assay, the highest concentration of every agents with less than 5% of cytotoxicity were determined for further antiviral screening by counting of Cytopathic effect loci (CPE loci). None of the 11 antiviral agents tested showed reduction of CPE loci. Whether these agents can inhibit replication of FCoV when combined with nelfinavir, the agent that has been proven to be effective against FCoV, was further tested. The results showed 6.25 μg/ml of nelfinavir combined with 50 μg/ml and 25 μg/ml of ribavirin exhibited significant inhibitory effect. Taken together, swine anti-TGEV spike protein serum alone and combined use of 2 antiviral agents, i.e. ribavirin and nelfinavir, showed inhibitory effect against FCoV in vitro. These agents will have potential in the future clinical application for the prevention and control of FIP.
Subjects
Feline coronavirus
FCoV
Antiserum
Antiviral agents
Antiviral drugs
Antiviral
in vitro
SDGs
Type
thesis
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