An extension of the schulze-hardy rule to asymmetric electrolytes
Journal
Journal of Colloid And Interface Science
Journal Volume
171
Journal Issue
1
Pages
254-255
Date Issued
1995
Author(s)
Kuo Y.-C.
Abstract
The Schulze-Hardy rule for the determination of the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) of counterions is examined for the case of an asymmetric electrolyte solution. For a negatively charged surface, this rule predicts that the CCC ratio for cations of valences 3, 2, and 1 follows the ratio 3-6:2-6:1-6, or about 1:11:729. We show that for a common monovalent anion, a more precise CCC ratio for cations is 1:15:1118. More often than not, the deviation in the experimentally observed CCC ratio from that predicted by the Schulze-Hardy rule is attributed to experimental error. We show that, depending upon the type of electrolyte used and the magnitude of the surface potential of dispersed colloidal particles, this deviation can be inherent. ? 1995 by Academic Press, Inc.
Subjects
Asymmetric electrolyte solution
Critical coagulation concentration
The Schulze-Hardy rule
SDGs
Type
journal article