The Role of Government in Assisting Nonprofit Organizations to Develop towards Social Enterprises
Date Issued
2015
Date
2015
Author(s)
Ting, Yu-Jen
Abstract
The concept of social enterprise originates from the Western. In January of 2014, European Commission and European Economic and Social Committee announced Strasbourg Declaration, sketching the blueprint of social enterprise for the next five years. The social enterprise then has become a popular trend. The Executive Yuan of ROC approved ""The action project of Social Enterprises from 2014 to 2016"" on September 6, 2014. The plan proclaimed the year of 2014 as the starting year of social enterprise. The organization embodied with the business model is introduced so as to solve some specific social and environmental issues as well as to pursue social and economic interests and exert social influence. With regard of social enterprises in Taiwan, they are categorized into two types according to the driving force, they can be one driven by private sector and the other driven by the government assistance. As the categorization is according to the type of organization, one is non-profit and the other is profit. Because the type of non-profit organization is the major one in Taiwan and the government plays a critical role in developing social enterprises, this study focuses on the type of non-profit organization and investigates how the government helps their development. The data was collected by employing the documentary approach and the semi-structured interview approach. The documentary approach collected and analyzed the articles regarding the development of social enterprise and the government role in the United States, United Kingdom, Singapore, South Korea, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The source of articles included journals, conference proceedings, academic theses, books, government reports, and organization reports. The interviewees for the semi-structured interview approach included scholars, experts, government officials, administrators of social enterprises and key NPOs'' persons who participated or are participating in the governmental employment promotion plan. The data was analyzed and the role of governance for the social enterprises was interpreted. The results show that 1) the main goal for developing social enterprises in most country is to create opportunities of employment, 2) the policy tools adopted by most governments are the combination of voluntary tool and mixed tool, 3) there is a gap in the concept of social enterprise between the government and NGOs, who are willing to develop towards social enterprises, 4) the government should create a circumstance favorable for the development of social enterprises, and respect NPO''s autonomy, 5) the government had better assist social enterprises at their early stage, 6) the government should make plans specifically for the NPO, or implement different plans for the NPO and PO. Based on the results, the study proposes an optimum model of social enterprises with specific characteristics, the role of government and its governance for the social enterprises.
Subjects
social enterprises
the role of government
non-profit organization (NPO)
governance
policy tools
employment promotion
Type
thesis
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