Investigation of fibrous cap stresses on vulnerable plaques leading to heart attacks
Journal
Technology and Health Care
Journal Volume
24
Journal Issue
s1
Date Issued
2015
Author(s)
Abstract
Rupture-prone plaques in the coronary arteries, called ''vulnerable plaques'', are recognized as the key factor in acute myocardial infarction. Vulnerable plaques have a thin fibrous cap over a large fatty core and are highly susceptible to rupture. In general, this type of plaque rupture is mainly associated with stress concentrated on the fibrous cap. Fibrous cap stresses are counted among the most important factors in the plaque rupture process and must be taken into consideration when assessing the plaque vulnerability leading to heart attacks. The objective of this paper was to investigate the effects of nitinol stent deployment on the morphological changes of vulnerable plaques and then to propose a new stent design concept for effectively reducing fibrous cap stresses and the associated rupture risk. The deployment of a self-expanding nitinol stent was modeled, and the resulting stress distribution on the fibrous cap was investigated. The fibrous cap stresses were more uniformly distributed and the maximum stress was reduced by 13% when the crown number of the stent was increased. This study demonstrates an excellent approach to stent design that could effectively reduce the risk of a vulnerable plaque rupturing and causing a heart attack. ? 2016 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
Subjects
fibrous cap stresses; finite element analysis; Heart attack; nitinol stent; vulnerable plaque
SDGs
Other Subjects
cardiovascular disease; Conference Paper; fibrous cap stress; finite element analysis; heart infarction; mechanical stress; morphology; priority journal; risk reduction; self expanding nitinol stent; vulnerable plaque rupture; complication; equipment design; human; Myocardial Infarction; pathophysiology; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; stent; alloy; nitinol; Alloys; Equipment Design; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Stents; Stress, Mechanical
Type
conference paper