The Color Morph and Population Genetics of Clark's Anemonefish (Amphiprion clarkii) in Taiwan
Date Issued
2007
Date
2007
Author(s)
Huang, Cheing-Hua
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
The Clark’s anemonefish, Amphiprion clarkii, is the most widely distributed, general symbiosis and variation of body color species in Amphiprioninae. Their coloration variation is not related to location, but seems to be related to host sea anemone. Here we recorded six species sea anemones symbiosis with A. clarkii (n = 122) in Taiwan. Individuals of the melanistic morph were found only on Mertens’ sea anemone, Stichodactyla mertensii, while individuals of the regular morph were rarely found on S. mertensii. To test the hypothesis that the melanistic morph might be induced by the sea anemone, we transplanted individuals (n =2) of the melanistic morph to the Beaded sea anemone, Heteractis aurora, and no color change was observed in 22 days, and we also observed one individual of normal morph no color change on S. mertensii in 70 days in the field. There was no meristic (fin rays counts) and genetic (mtDNA sequences) difference between two color morphs (n = 122). One case of hybridization between two color morphs was also observed in the field.
Previous study of Japan’s population indicated that genetic structure of A. clarkii would be affected by different current system. Significant genetic differences (Φst value = -0.044~0.088) based on mitochondrial D-loop sequences were found among populations from six locations of Taiwan. The results of AMOVA showed that Penghu population was significantly different from other populations (Φst value = 0.044~0.088; p <0.05), while the Dongsha population was grouped with Kenting, Lutao and Xiaoliuchiu populations. This result suggests that the genetic structure of A. clarkii of Dongsha population was mainly affected by Kuroshio current. Overall, the population genetic structure of A. clarkii in Taiwan could be divided into 2 groups, Penghu population and those of the Kuroshio system including Kenting, Lutao, Xiaoliuchiu and Dongsha populations.
Subjects
生物地理學
親緣地理學
同區種化
biogeography
phylogeography
sympatric speciation
Type
thesis
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