HDA6 and HDA19 regulate leaf morphology by interacting with AS1 and AS2
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Chen, Fang-Fang
Abstract
There are four groups of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in Arabidopsis, there of them are homologous to RPD3, HDA1 and SIR2 found in yeast and animal cells. The fourth group of histone deacetylases, HD2, is plant- specific. Base on the amino acid sequences, the RPD3-type HDACs can be further classified into three classes. The class I of RPD3-type HDACs contains HDA6, HDA7, HDA9 and HDA19. It is known that HDA6 and HDA19 are global repressors involved in embryonic and flower development as well as stress responses. In addition, HDA19 also participates in light responses. However, the functions of HDA7 and HDA9 are still not clear.
In this study, it is found that HDA9 mutant was early flowering and had blunt silique tips, indicating that HDA9 may participate in flowering pathway and affect fruit development. The hda6 mutant, axe1-5, displayed the curling leaf phenotype. Similarly, hda19-1 T-DNA insertion mutant displayed the serrated leaves. These observations indicated that HDA6 and HDA19 may be involved in leaf development.
In Arabidopsis, ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1) and AS2 are required for the repression of class 1 KNOX genes for the leaf polarity establishment. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation and in vitro pull-down assays indicate that HDA6 and HDA19 can interact with AS1 and AS2, suggesting that HDA6 and HDA19 may form complex with the AS1 and AS2 to regulate KNOX gene expression. The expression of KNATM gene, one of the KNOX family genes, was up-regulated in both axe1-5 and hda19-1 mutants. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that the level of H3K9K14 acetylation of the KNATM was increased in axe1-5 mutants, but not in hda19-1 Nevertheless, the H3K4 trimethylation of KNATM was elevated in these two mutants. These results indicate that HDA6 and HDA19 may affect KNATM gene expression by interacting with AS1 and AS2 to control leaf development.
Subjects
Arabidopsis
histone
histone deacetylases
shoot apical meristem
leaf development
Type
thesis
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