Differential expression profiling of orange-spotted grouper larvae, Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton), that survived a betanodavirus outbreak
Resource
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES, 35(3), 215-225
Journal
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
Journal Volume
35
Journal Issue
3
Pages
215-225
Date Issued
2012
Date
2012
Author(s)
Wu, M-S
Chen, C-W
Lin, C-H
Tzeng, C-S
Chang, C-Y
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), a piscine nodavirus, has caused serious viral nervous necrosis and viral encephalopathy and retinopathy in hatchery-reared larvae and juveniles of a wide range of marine teleost species worldwide in the last two decades. Although the mortality of NNV-infected larvae is nearly 100%, there are still some larvae that survive this catastrophe. To comprehensively understand the variations of these survivors at the molecular level, we collected orange-spotted grouper larvae that survived an NNV outbreak in an indoor hatchery in southern Taiwan to study differential gene expression. Healthy larvae with high, medium and low levels of detected NNV were compared with morbid larvae using a 9600-clone-containing grouper larva cDNA microarray, and differential gene expression was further confirmed by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Significant variation exists in healthy larvae. The following genes were upregulated: adenylate kinase 1-2, myosin binding protein H-like, myosin light chain 2, myosin light chain 3, tropomyosin, fast/white muscle troponin T embryonic isoform, and parvalbumin 1 and 2 genes. The following genes were downregulated: apolipoprotein A-I, trypsinogen, pyruvate kinase and astacin-like metalloprotease. Moreover, immunoglobulin M heavy chain gene transcription was significantly higher in healthy larvae that had high virus levels, indicating that humoral immunity might protect organisms from viral infection. These results suggest that some non-immune-related genes may have played important roles in survival during the larval metamorphosis stage, after betanodavirus infection. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Subjects
Betanodavirus; DNA microarray; Larvae; Orange-spotted grouper; Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
SDGs
Other Subjects
animal; animal disease; article; DNA microarray; fish; fish disease; gene expression profiling; gene expression regulation; immunology; Nodavirus; polymerase chain reaction; reproducibility; RNA virus infection; Taiwan; Animals; Fish Diseases; Fishes; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Nodaviridae; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reproducibility of Results; RNA Virus Infections; Taiwan; Atlantic halibut nodavirus; Betanodavirus; Epinephelinae; Epinephelus coioides; Nodaviridae; Pisces; Striped Jack nervous necrosis virus; Teleostei
Type
journal article
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