The preliminary notes on the ancient rice grains excavated in Taiwan
Date Issued
2007
Date
2007
Author(s)
Wang, Ying-Hao
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
The s up to about 5,000 years old had been excavated at several archaeological sites in the north, middle and south part of Taiwan. They are Tapenkeng Culture Nankungli East Site (NKLE；4800-4200 yr B.P.) , Niuchoutzu Culture Yihsuanfang Site (YHF；3800-3300 yr B.P.) , Chihshanyen Culture Chihshanyen Site (CSY；3400-3000 yr B.P.) , Niaosung Culture Wuchientso Site (WCT；1400-1000 yr B.P.) , Pantsaiyuen Culture Huilaili Site (HLL；1300 yr B.P.) and Pantsaiyuen Culture Nanshihkeng Site (NSK；600-500 yr B.P.) . The carbonized rice seeds from these archaeological sites were used as the materials to explore the origin and the evolutionary diversification process of landraces of rice, Oryza sativa subspecies Seng (indica) and O. sativa subspecies Keng (sinica / japonica), in Taiwan pre-historical agriculture.
Based on the investigation, we found out that the same distribution of seed type and seed size in landrace populations between NKLE and YHF. The same fact is found in the characteristics of painted potteries excavated in these two archaeological sites, indicating that there might be a cultural connection between NKLE and YHF which located at the same place and are one thousand years apart. The changing pattern in both sites indicated that the rice landrace populations were selected for the seed size.
By comparing the distribution of seed size, we did not find any wild perennial rice seed within each landrace population tested. We infer that the landrace populations were originated from local wild progenitor and had been domesticated. The distribution of Seng (indica) type and Keng (sinica / japonica) type within the population arose from two distinct gene pool of wild progenitor that diverged much earlier. The Keng (sinica / japonica) type-prone population (ex. NKLE；4800-4200 yr B.P. and YHF；3800-3300 yr B.P.) and Seng (indica) type-prone population (ex. WCT；1400-1000 yr B.P. ) might be resulted from adaptive selection following domestication in the middle and late Neolithic in these pre-historical areas. The unique large seed size found in WCT landrace population is identical to that of a tropical Keng (sinica / japonica) type, the now-a-day subspecies javanica. We propose that the gene flow of WCT landrace population might be changed by the pre-historical Austronesian immigrants in late Neolithic.
Subjects
碳化稻米
ancient rice seed
Type
thesis
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
ntu-96-R93621122-1.pdf
Size
23.31 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):375841822edb1e42433f6852b39d1665