The ethyl acetate fraction of corn silk exhibits dual antioxidant and anti-glycation activities and protects insulin-secreting cells from glucotoxicity
Journal
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Journal Volume
16
Journal Issue
1
Pages
432
Date Issued
2016
Author(s)
Yuan, W.; Roan, H.-Y.; Chang, J.-L.; Huang, H.-C.; Lee, Y.-C.; Tsay, H.J.; Liu, H.-K.
Abstract
Background: In this study, we aimed to develop a Stigmata Maydis (corn silk) fraction with dual bio-activities against oxidative stress and protein glycation to protect β-cells from diabetes-induced failure. Methods: Corn silk fractions were prepared by partition and chemically characterised by thin-layer chromatography. Free radical scavenging assay, glycation assay, and cell-based viability test (neutral red) were employed to decide the best fraction. Cell death analysis was executed by annexin V/ Propidium iodide staining. Cell proliferation was measured by WST-1. Finally, β-cell function was evaluated by β-cell marker gene expression (RT-PCR) and acute insulin secretion test. Results: Four corn silk fractions were prepared from an ethanolic crude extract of corn silk. In vitro assays indicate ethyl acetate fraction (YMS-EA) was the most potent fraction. YMS-EA also attenuated the hydrogen peroxide- or methylglyoxal-induced induction of reactive oxygen species, reduction of cell viability, and inhibition of cell proliferation. However, YMS-EA was unable to prevent hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis or advanced glycation end-products-induced toxicity. Under hyperglycemic conditions, YMS-EA effectively reduced ROS levels, improved mRNA expression of insulin, glucokinase, and PDX-1, and enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The similarity of bioactivities among apigenin, luteolin, and YMS-EA indicated that dual activities of YMS-EA might be derived from those compounds. Conclusions: We concluded that YMS-EA fraction could be developed as a preventive food agent against the glucotoxicity to β-cells in Type 2 diabetes. ? 2016 The Author(s).
Subjects
Advanced glycation end products; Glucotoxicity; Methylglyoxal; Reactive oxygen species; Stigmata Maydis (corn silk); β-cell failure
SDGs
Other Subjects
acetic acid ethyl ester; advanced glycation end product; aminoguanidine; antidiabetic agent; antioxidant; apigenin; corn silk fraction; glucokinase; herbaceous agent; hydrogen peroxide; insulin; luteolin; messenger RNA; metformin; methylglyoxal; reactive oxygen metabolite; transcription factor PDX 1; trolox C; unclassified drug; acetic acid derivative; advanced glycation end product; antioxidant; hydrogen peroxide; plant extract; reactive oxygen metabolite; animal cell; antioxidant activity; apoptosis; Article; cell proliferation; cell viability; controlled study; glucotoxicity; hyperglycemia; in vitro study; maize; nonhuman; oxidative stress; pancreas islet beta cell; protein glycosylation; rat; animal; cell line; cell survival; chemistry; drug effects; female; male; metabolism; mouse; Acetates; Animals; Antioxidants; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Female; Glycosylation End Products, Advanced; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Mice; Oxidative Stress; Plant Extracts; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Zea mays
Type
journal article