Cryogel/hydrogel biomaterials and acupuncture combined to promote diabetic skin wound healing through immunomodulation
Journal
Biomaterials
Journal Volume
269
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Abstract
Unhealed chronic wounds often deteriorate into multiple infection with several kinds of bacteria and excessive proteolytic wound exudate and remains one of the common healthcare issues. Here, the functional and antimicrobial hydrogel and cryogel biomaterials were prepared from glycol chitosan and a novel biodegradable Schiff base crosslinker difunctional polyurethane (DF-PU). The cryogel exhibited ~2730 ± 400% of water absorption with abundant macropores and 86.5 ± 1.6% of porosity formed by ice crystal as well as ~240% cell proliferation effect; while the hydrogel demonstrated considerable antimicrobial activity and biodegradability. As an optimized procedure to treat the diabetic skin wound in a rat model, the combined application of adipose stem cell-seeded cryogel/hydrogel biomaterials on the wound and acupuncture surrounding the wound may attain 90.34 ± 2.3% of wound closure and secure the formation of granulation tissue with sufficient microvessels and complete re-epithelialization in 8 days. The average increases in the superficial temperature of wounded animals after acupuncture were about 1–2 °C. Through the activation of C3a and C5a, the increased secretion of cytokines SDF-1 and TGFβ-1, as well as the down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, the combined treatment of stem cell-seeded cryogel/hydrogel biomaterials and acupuncture on wounds produced synergistic immunomodulatory effects. The strategy using the combined treatment of biomaterials, stem cells, and acupuncture reveals a perspective new approach to accelerate the tissue regeneration. ? 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Subjects
Biodegradability; Cell proliferation; Cytology; Hydrogels; Microorganisms; Tissue; Tissue regeneration; Water absorption; Adipose stem cells; Anti-microbial activity; Combined treatment; Glycol chitosan; Immuno modulations; Immunomodulatory effects; Pro-inflammatory cytokines; Re-epithelialization; Stem cells; biomaterial; chitosan; complement component C3a; complement component C5a; cryogel; glycol; hydrogel; ice; interleukin 1beta; polyurethan; Schiff base; stromal cell derived factor 1; transforming growth factor beta1; tumor necrosis factor; biomaterial; acupuncture; adipose derived stem cell; animal cell; animal experiment; animal model; animal tissue; antimicrobial activity; Article; biodegradability; cell proliferation; chronic wound; complement activation; controlled study; cross linking; crystal structure; cytokine release; diabetic wound; down regulation; drug effect; drug synthesis; epithelization; granulation tissue; immunomodulation; male; mesenchymal stem cell; microvasculature; mouse; nonhuman; porosity; priority journal; temperature sensitivity; tissue regeneration; water absorption; wound closure; wound healing; animal; cryogel; diabetes mellitus; hydrogel; immunomodulation; rat; skin; wound healing; Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Cryogels; Diabetes Mellitus; Hydrogels; Immunomodulation; Rats; Skin; Wound Healing
Other Subjects
Biodegradability; Cell proliferation; Cytology; Hydrogels; Microorganisms; Tissue; Tissue regeneration; Water absorption; Adipose stem cells; Anti-microbial activity; Combined treatment; Glycol chitosan; Immuno modulations; Immunomodulatory effects; Pro-i
Type
journal article