Immune gene expressions in grouper larvae (Epinephelus coioides) induced by bath and oral vaccinations with inactivated betanodavirus
Journal
Fish and Shellfish Immunology
Journal Volume
40
Journal Issue
2
Pages
563-569
Date Issued
2014
Author(s)
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) has caused mass mortality in many mariculture fish species. Bath vaccination of inactivated NNV and oral immunization of recombinant NNV coat protein are reported to protect grouper larvae against NNV infection. However, the information of immune gene expression in grouper larvae ( Epinephelus coioides) after bath and oral immunizations is still limited. In this study, grouper larvae were respectively bath- and orally immunized with binary ethylenimine (BEI)-inactivated NNV, and the expression levels of immune genes were analyzed. Significant gene expressions of IL-1β, Mx, MHC-I, MHC-II, CD8α, IgM and IgT were observed in bath- and orally immunized fish 1-4 weeks post immunization (wpi). Particularly, the up-regulation of IL-1β and Mx gene expression lasted for 4 weeks. The IgT gene expression in gill was only induced by bath immunization, while that in gut was only stimulated by oral immunization. Both immunizations elicited MHC-I and CD8α gene expression relative to cellular immunity. Furthermore, NNV RNA genome, which was detected in inactivated NNV, could induce Mx gene expression in grouper brain (GB) cells, indicating that NNV RNA genome could be recognized by pathogen-recognition receptors (PRRs). In summary, bath and oral vaccinations with BEI-inactivated NNV triggered the gene expression of not only humoral immunity but also cellular immunity. ? 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
SDGs
Other Subjects
inactivated vaccine; virus vaccine; animal; bass; fish disease; gene expression regulation; gene flow; immunization; immunology; mucosal immunity; Nodaviridae; oral drug administration; physiology; polymerase chain reaction; RNA virus infection; veterinary; virology; Administration, Oral; Animals; Bass; Fish Diseases; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Flow; Immunity, Mucosal; Immunization; Nodaviridae; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA Virus Infections; Vaccines, Inactivated; Viral Vaccines
Publisher
Academic Press
Type
journal article