Determination of carbon-based engineered nanoparticles in marketed fish by microwave-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure photoionization-tandem mass spectrometry
Journal
Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society
Journal Volume
61
Journal Issue
3
Pages
350-356
Date Issued
2014
Author(s)
Abstract
An optimized method for the determination of two major carbon-based engineered nanoparticles (C60 and C70) in marketed fish samples is described. The method involves the use of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) coupled with liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure photoionization (LC-APPI-MS/MS). Factors affecting the extraction efficiency of the analytes from fish samples were optimized by a central composite design method. The optimal extraction temperature and time for MAE were found to be 233 °C for 22 min, and the extraction solution was composed of toluene and acetone in a ratio of 4.64:1. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) were 0.1 and 0.05 ng/g for C60 and C70, respectively. The precision for these analytes at two spiked levels, as indicated by relative standard deviations (RSDs), were less than 10% for both intra- and inter-day analysis. Accuracy, expressed as the mean extraction recovery, was between 85 and 98%. The method was further validated based on EU Commission Decision 2002/657/EC, including a decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) for marketed fish samples. A high throughput and reliable MAE technique coupled with LC-APPI-MS/MS was developed to determine two major carbon-based ENPs, C60 and C70, in marketed fish samples. The developed method provides good precision, a wide range of linearity, and detection limits at the sub-ng/g level when analyzing fish samples. Copyright © 2014 The Chemical Society Located in Taipei & Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.
An optimized method for the determination of two major carbon-based engineered nanoparticles (C60 and C70) in marketed fish samples is described. The method involves the use of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) coupled with liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure photoionization (LC-APPI-MS/MS). Factors affecting the extraction efficiency of the analytes from fish samples were optimized by a central composite design method. The optimal extraction temperature and time for MAE were found to be 233 °C for 22 min, and the extraction solution was composed of toluene and acetone in a ratio of 4.64:1. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) were 0.1 and 0.05 ng/g for C60 and C70, respectively. The precision for these analytes at two spiked levels, as indicated by relative standard deviations (RSDs), were less than 10% for both intra- and inter-day analysis. Accuracy, expressed as the mean extraction recovery, was between 85 and 98%. The method was further validated based on EU Commission Decision 2002/657/EC, including a decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) for marketed fish samples. A high throughput and reliable MAE technique coupled with LC-APPI-MS/MS was developed to determine two major carbon-based ENPs, C60 and C70, in marketed fish samples. The developed method provides good precision, a wide range of linearity, and detection limits at the sub-ng/g level when analyzing fish samples. Copyright © 2014 The Chemical Society Located in Taipei & Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.
SDGs
Publisher
Chinese Chemical Society Taiwan
Type
journal article