Maximum Number of Live Births per Donor in Artificial Insemination Based on Incidence Rate and Coefficient of Inbreeding
Date Issued
2006
Date
2006
Author(s)
Wang, Yan-Wen
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
Using anonymous donors’ gametes, a treatment in assisted reproductive technology (ART), may result in inadvertent consanguineous mating, especially when a single donor’s gametes are multiply used. Unwitting consanguinities between offspring of one single donor and his or her unknown relatives may lead to higher risks of transmission of hereditary diseases. However, when supply and demand of artificial insemination by donor (AID) are unbalanced, multiple use of one single donor’s gametes becomes a solution. In that case, its influence on medical and genetic aspects should be carefully evaluated, as well as its social, cultural and legal implications. The choice of maximum number of offspring per donor varies greatly in different countries. For example, the limit in France is 5, 10 in UK, 6 in Spain, 1 in Taiwan, and 25 in The Netherlands. Most of these limits, however, do not result from specific scientific studies. In this study, two approaches are discussed for setting the maximum number of live births per donor.
First, I incorporate the risk of certain hereditary disease in the computation of number of consanguinities to evaluate the possible elevation of incidence and prevalence. For any given disease of interest, I construct its incidence due to donor insemination (DI) from probabilistic perspective. Based on information from disease characteristics, population data, donor statistics, and tolerable increased incidence or medical costs, one can decide the figure for the maximal limit. The results show that there will be more new cases due to AID when the prevalence is high. In addition, when using the ratio of incidence to prevalence as the criterion, the risk owing to DI of autosomal recessive inheritance disease is higher than that of disease of other mode of inheritance.
The second approach, following the same idea from de Boer et al. (1995) and Curie-Cohen (1980), adopts the population perspective to derive coefficient of inbreeding including DI. The modification includes adding the current constant coefficient of inbreeding in a given society with no AID children, and an extra coefficient of inbreeding due to AID with respect to the number of live births per donor. Then, maximum number of live births per donor will be decided by setting a threshold for the tolerable coefficient of inbreeding. The results indicate that the larger coefficient of inbreeding in a population without AID is, the smaller number of live births per donor is and the more significantly assortive mating for phenotype is, the smaller number of live births per donor is.
Subjects
人工生殖
近親交配
近親交配係數
精卵捐贈
遺傳疾病發生率
artificial insemination by donor (AID)
assisted reproductive techonology (ART)
coefficient of inbreeding
consanguinity
hereditary disease
incidence
random mating
Type
thesis
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
ntu-95-R93842001-1.pdf
Size
23.31 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):ef33d28a66b60a11ab89a94948710c22