All-in-One Wearable Hydrogel Patch for Multimodal Visualized and Quantitative Heatstroke Monitoring
Journal
ACS Sensors
Journal Volume
11
Journal Issue
4
Start Page
3239
End Page
3248
ISSN
23793694
Date Issued
2026-04-24
Author(s)
Abstract
Heat-related illnesses, particularly heatstroke, pose serious risks to outdoor workers, athletes, and individuals with impaired thermoregulation. Existing monitoring strategies are limited by invasive measurements, reliance on external power sources, and lack of real-time multimodal feedback. Here, this study presents an all-in-one wearable patch that integrates a dual-functional self-powered thermogalvanic hydrogel with a selective electrochemical interface for intuitive visual feedback, dynamic temperature tracking, and durable sweat analysis. The hydrogel enables real-time thermochromic visualization and active thermoelectric sensing of body temperature, while an integrated electrochemical module allows continuous and selective detection of Na+ and K+ ions in sweat. The multiplexed physical−chemical health-monitoring patch provides a multimodal dual-stage evaluation of body temperature and sweat ion level toward improving metabolic status control and alerting individual to heatstroke risk, holding promise for developing personalized healthcare and a scalable route to proactive heatstroke prevention.
Subjects
all-in-one patch
heatstroke monitoring
multimodal sensing
sweat biomarkers
thermogalvanic hydrogel
visual feedback
Publisher
American Chemical Society
Type
journal article