Simplified Exposure Assessment for Multiple Stationary Emissions
Date Issued
2011
Date
2011
Author(s)
Kao, Wei-Yu
Abstract
The health impact assessment will be considered both in the decision-making process of the strategic environmental assessment（SEA）and environmental impact assessment (EIA). However, when assessing the spatial scale among country, region and site, or multiple emissions, the existing health risk assessment method can not evaluate efficiently. Therefore, on the basis of existing site-specific risk assessment for stationary emission sources, this study intends to develop a new simplified exposure assessment method to evaluate multiple emissions under different scales.
There are two phases in the simplified exposure assessment methods for multiple emissions. The first phase was to establish overall impact properties of emissions in Taiwan. The combination of atmospheric dispersion results from 203 emissions simulated by AREMOD, environmental parameters, environmental multimedia transport and transformation model and uncertainty analysis tools to get the cumulative probability distribution of 15 environmental media. The second phase is the site-specific exposure assessment, combing the emission rates, emission concentrations, and the location properties of the stationary emissions, and transferring to impact ratio, site-specific transfer factor and site-specific impact factor. Through the above steps, we can effectively simplify the original complicated evaluation process and consider the uncertainty of exposure assessment as well as.
Case study is to assess existing dioxin emission sources in Taiwan. The purpose of this case is to verify the simplified method for multiple sources and cross-regional issues. There are 323 dioxin emission sources are simulated in this study, including the power industry, steel industry, cement industry, metal smelting industry and various types of incinerators. The results show that the power industry contributed the highest exposure, followed by iron and steel industry, which are 57% and 25%, respectively; the health impact of waste disposal industry is relatively small. From the view of region, Taichung County, Changhua County, Kaohsiung County, whether in the field or will risk groups are relatively high . These results indicate that control standards of the power industry should be reviewed priority to reduce dioxin emissions. In addition, new dioxin emission sources should be avoided to set in Taichung County, Changhua County, and Kaohsiung County, except for they are highly background risk areas, most important, the impact of administrative characteristics of the field has always been high for the region.
However, there are some limits of this simplified exposure method, such as the assumption in the impact range is built on the premise of homogeneous distribution, emission sources with extreme properties of the assessment results can not be presented effectively. Even so, the simplified exposure assessment for multiple emissions is feasible and can be applied to assess the health impact of other types of pollutants from stationary emission sources in the future.
Subjects
Exposure Assessment
Simplified
Multiple emissions
Dioxin
Site-specific transfer factor
SDGs
Type
thesis
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