Uni-directional freezing of waste activated sludges: Vertical freezing versus radial freezing
Resource
War. Res. 31(9), 2219-2228
Journal
Water Research
Pages
2219-2228
Date Issued
1997
Date
1997
Author(s)
DOI
246246/2006111501254535
Abstract
Radial freezing and vertical freezing of waste activated sludge were conducted in this work.
In radial freezing, where the sludge sample is placed in a cylindrical chamber cooled at its outer wall
surface, the ice front grows and migrates inwards from the rim region along a radial direction. The
corresponding freezing speed decreases gradually due to the increase in heat conduction resistance through
the ice layer. In vertical freezing, where the sludge was placed in sample tubes immersed vertically into
a freezing pool, the ice front grows upwards at a constant freezing speed, Comparisons between floc
characteristics and the changes in chemical compositions resulting from both tests make clear the role of
freezing speed. That is, if only the developing ice front can reject foreign particles and thereby cause the
gross migration of sludge flocs, the effects on sludge performance would be similar. The most influential
factor that determines the freeze/thaw-conditioned sludge performance is discussed.
Subjects
freezing
activated sludge
particle migration
dewaterability
Publisher
Taipei:National Taiwan University Dept Chem Engn
Type
journal article
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