Social participation and mental health among older adults during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Journal
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi
ISSN
0929-6646
Date Issued
2026-05-30
Author(s)
Chen, Chao-Han
Wu, Chi-Shin
Chang, Kai-Chieh
Chang, Chin-Kai
Hwang, Juey-Jen
Huang, Su-Hua
Chen, Yung-Ming
Cheng, Bor-Wen
Weng, Min-Hsiu
Hsu, Chih-Cheng
Huang, Wei-Lieh
Abstract
This study aimed to explore changes in social participation and mental health among older adults during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan, focusing on the relationship between social engagement and overall well-being. Methods: A two-wave study design was utilized, collecting data during both the pandemic (September 2021–June 2022) and post-pandemic period (September 2023–June 2024). Statistical analyses included paired t-tests and generalized estimating equations. The study was conducted in Yunlin County, Taiwan. The sample consisted of 345 community-dwelling adults aged 55 years and older residing in rural areas. Social participation was assessed using a 12-item measure. Additional assessments included scales for psychological symptoms, happiness, and quality of life. Results: Older adults exhibited higher levels of social participation and better mental health and quality of life post-pandemic compared to the pandemic period. Significant growth was observed in activities such as voluntary work, cultural participation, and social clubs. Social participation levels were positively associated with psychological well-being and all domains of quality of life after controlling for demographic factors. Conclusions: Higher levels of social engagement were significantly associated with better mental health and quality of life scores. This study suggests that social participation is a relevant correlate of mental health and quality of life among older adults.
Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic
Mental health
Older adults
Quality of life
Social participation
Type
journal article